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NMSK 1 > HINDLIMB > Flashcards

HINDLIMB Flashcards

1
Q

What is the stay apparatus in the hindlimb of a horse do

A

Enables fewer muscles to be used in weight bearing

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2
Q

What does the reciprocal apparatus of the horse hindlimb do

A

Links movement of the stifle and hock joints

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3
Q

What is the name of the plexus that innervates the hind limb

A

Lumbosacral plexus

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4
Q

Which muscles adduct the hindlimb

A

Adductor
Gracilis
Pectineus

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5
Q

Origin and insertion of adductor muscles

A
  • origin = ventral aspect of the pelvis

- Insertion = medial aspect of the femur

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6
Q

What nerve innervates the adductor muscle

A

Obturator nerve

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7
Q

Origin and insertion of the gracilis

A 
Origin= pelvis symphysis 
Insertion= stifle and medial aspect of calcaneus
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8
Q

Innervation of the gracilis muscle

A

Obturator nerve

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9
Q

Origin and insertion of the pectineus muscle

A 
Origin= pre-pubic tendon and olio-pubic eminence 
Insertion = medial aspect of femur
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10
Q

Innervation of pectineus muscle

A

Obturator nerve

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11
Q

Which muscles abduct the hindlimb

A

Gluteals - superficial, middle, deep

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12
Q

Origin and insertion of the gluteal muscles

A 
Origin = ilium 
Insertion= greater trochanter of femur
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13
Q

Innervation of the gluteal muscles

A

Sciatic nerve

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14
Q

Which muscles extend the hip

A

Hamstrings :

  • femoral biceps
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
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15
Q

Origin and insertion of the femoral biceps

A 
Origin= ischial tuber 
Insertion= patella
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16
Q

Origin and insertion of the semitendinosus

A 
Origin= ischial tuber 
Insertion = tibial crest and calcaneus
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17
Q

Origin and insertion of semimembranosus

A 
Origin = ischial tuber 
Insertion= femur and tibia
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18
Q

Innervation of the femoral biceps

A

Sciatic nerve

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19
Q

Innervation of the semitendinosus

A

Sciatic nerve

20
Q

Innervation of the semimembranosus

A

Sciatic nerve

21
Q

Which muscles cause flexion at the hip

A

Sartorius

Tensor fascia lata

22
Q

Origin and insertion of the satorius muscle

A 
Origin = wing of ilium 
Insertion= cranial tibia
23
Q

Origin and insertion of tensor fascia lata muscle

A 
Origin= ventral aspect of the wing of ilium 
Insertion= patella
24
Q

Innervation of the sartorius muscle

A

Femoral nerve

25
Q

Innervation of the tensor fascia lata muscle

A

Sciatic nerve

26
Q

Which muscles cause extension of the stifle

A

Femoral quadriceps- vastus lateral , medial, inter medial and rectus femoris heads

27
Q

Origin and insertion of the femoral quadriceps muscle

A 
Origin = femur and ilium 
Insertion= tendons join to form the patella tendon which inserts on the tibial tuberosity
28
Q

Innervation of the femoral quadriceps

A

Femoral nerve

29
Q

Which muscles cause flexion at the stifle

A

Popliteus

Semimembranosus

30
Q

Origin and insertion of the popliteus muscle

A 
Origin= lateral condyle of the femur 
Insertion= tibia
31
Q

Innervation of the popliteus muscle

A

Tibial muscle

32
Q

High muscles cause extension of the tarsus (hock)

A

Gastrocnemius

Tibialis caudalis

33
Q

Origin and insertion of the gastrocnemius

A 
Origin= lateral ssupracondylar tuber of femur 
Insertion= tuber calcanei via theee calcaneal tendon
34
Q

Innervation of the gastrocnemius

A

Tibial nerve

35
Q

Origin and insertion of the tibial caudalis muscle

A 
Origin = fibula 
Insertion= tarsus via ligaments
36
Q

Innervation of the tibial caudalis

A

Tibial nerve

37
Q

Which muscles cause flexion at the tarsus (hock)

A 
Tibialis cranialis
Fibularis longus (in large animals)
38
Q

Origin and insertion of thee tibialis cranialis muscle

A 
Origin= tibia 
Insertion= metatarsals 1 and 2
39
Q

Innervation of tibialis cranialis

A

Fibular nerve

40
Q

Origin and insertion of the fibularis longus muscle

A 
Origin= lateral condyle of tibia and fibular 
Insertion= 4th tarsal and all metatarsals
41
Q

Innervation of thee fibularis longus muscle

A

Fibular nerve

42
Q

Describe the hip joint

A

Bone = pelvis and femur
Ball and socket joint
Extension (retraction), flexion (protraction), adduction and abduction

43
Q

Describe the stifle joint

A

Bones= femur, tibia, fibular, and patella
Extension and flexion
Condylar joint

44
Q

Describe the tarsal joint (hock)

A

Bones= Tibia and tarsal bones and the metatarsal bone
Hinge joint
Flexion and extension

45
Q

Describe the location of the lumbosacral plexus

A

In the and around the sub lumbar muscles ventral to the lumbar vertebrae and formed by the ventral rami of the spinal nerves L4-S2

46
Q

List the nerves leaving the lumbosacral plexus in cranial to caudal

A 
Femoral 
Obturator
Cranial gluteal 
Caudal gluteal 
Sciatic 
Pudendal

NMSK 1 (36 decks)

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