FORELIMB

Question 1

What muscles are responsible for extension of the shoulder

Answer 1

Supraspinatus

Question 2

Origin and insertion of the supaspinatus

Answer 2

Origin= supraspinatus fossa 
Insertion= greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 3

Which nerve innervates the supraspinatus muscle

Answer 3

Suprascapular nerve

Question 4

What muscles flex the shoulder

Answer 4

Deltoids

Teres major

Question 5

Origin and insertion of the deltoids

Answer 5

Origin = scapula spine and acromion 
Insertion = deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 6

What nerve innervates the deltoid muscles

Answer 6

Auxiliary nerve

Question 7

Origin and insertion of the teres major

Answer 7

Origin= caudal border of the scapular

Insertion=teres major tuberosity of the humerus

Question 8

What nerve innervates the teres major

Answer 8

Auxiliary nerve

Question 9

What muscles extend the elbow

Answer 9

Brachial triceps

Question 10

Describe the origin and insertion of the brachial triceps

Answer 10

Origin = humerus 
Insertion= olecranon

Question 11

Which nerve innervates the brachial triceps

Answer 11

Radial nerve

Question 12

What muscle flex the elbow

Answer 12

Brachial biceps

Brachialis

Question 13

Origin and insertion of the brachial biceps

Answer 13

Origin =supraglenoid tubercle of scapular

Insertion= medial tuberosity of radius

Question 14

Which nerve innervates the brachial biceps muscle

Answer 14

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 15

Origin and insertion of the brachialis muscle

Answer 15

Origin= humerus
Insertion= Coronoid process of the ulnar

Question 16

What nerve innervates the brachialis muscle

Answer 16

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 17

What muscles extend the carpus/digits

Answer 17

• lateral digital extensor
• common digital extensor
• radial carpal extensor
• ulnar carpal extensor

Question 18

Origin and insertion of the lateral digital extensor

Answer 18

Origin = lateral epicondyle of humerus 
Insertion= proximal phalanx of digits 4 and 5

Question 19

Origin and insertion of the common digital extensor

Answer 19

Origin= lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion= distal phalanx of each digit

Question 20

Origin and insertion of the radial carpal extensor

Answer 20

Origin= lateral epicondyle of humerus 
Insertion= metacarpal 3 bone

Question 21

Origin and insertion of ulnar carpal extensor

Answer 21

Origin= lateral condyle of humerus 
insertion= accessory carpal bone and metacarpal bone 5

Question 22

What muscles flex the carpus and digits

Answer 22

• radial carpal flexor
• ulnar carpal flexor
• superficial digital flexor

Question 23

Origin and insertion of radial carpal flexor muscle

Answer 23

Origin = medial epicondyle of humerus 
Insertion = metacarpal bones 2 and 3

Question 24

Origin and insertion of ulnar carpal flexor muscle

Answer 24

Origin= medial epicondyle of the humerus 
Insertion= accessory carpal bone

Question 25

Origin and insertion of the superficial digital flexor muscle

Answer 25

``` Origin= medial epicondyle of olecranon Insertion= middle phalanx of each digit ```

Question 26

What nerve innervates the radial carpal flexor

Answer 26

Median nerve

Question 27

Why nerve innervates the ulnar carpal flexor muscle

Answer 27

Radial nerve

Question 28

What nerve innervates the superficial digital flexor muscle

Answer 28

Median nerve

Question 29

Which muscle pronate the forelimb

Answer 29

Pronator teres

Question 30

Origin and insertion of the pronator teres

Answer 30

``` Origin= medal epicondyle of the humerus Insertion= dorsal surface and medial border of radius ```

Question 31

What nerve innervates the pronator teres

Answer 31

Median and ulnar nerves

Question 32

What is pronation

Answer 32

Medial rotation of the limb

Question 33

Which muscles supinate the forelimb

Answer 33

Supinator

Question 34

Origin and insertion of the supinator

Answer 34

``` Origin= lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion= upper medial radius ```

Question 35

What nerve innervates the supinator

Answer 35

Radial nerve

Question 36

What is supination

Answer 36

Medial rotation of the limb

Question 37

Describe the shoulder joint

Answer 37

Scapular and humerus Ball and socket joint Protraction, retraction, flexion and extension

Question 38

Describe the elbow joint

Answer 38

Humerus radius and ulnar Hinge joint Flexion and extension

Question 39

Describe the carpus joint

Answer 39

2 rows of carpal bones Hinge joint Flexion and extension

Question 40

Describe the metacarophalangeal joint

Answer 40

Condyle of metacarpus and proximal phalanges Hinge joint Flexion and hyperextension

Question 41

Describe the proximal interphalangeal joint

Answer 41

Proximal and middle phalanges saddle Flexion and extension

Question 42

Describe the distal interphalangeal joint

Answer 42

Middle and distal phalanges Saddle joint Flexion and extension

Question 43

Describe the formation and location of the brachial plexus

Answer 43

Formed by the ventral rami of spinal nerves C6-T1 | Found sat the axilla , space between the limb and the trunk

Question 44

List the order at which the nerves of the forelimb leave the brachial plexus

Answer 44

- suprascapular - subscapular - musculocutaneous - axillary - radial - median - ulnar

Question 45

Describe the major arteries of the forelimb

Answer 45

``` Auxiliary Subscapular Brachial Medial Radial Ulnar The veins and arteries run alongside the corresponding nerves ```

Question 46

Where can a pulse be felt in the forelimb

Answer 46

- brachial | - radial

Question 47

Which vein do you use in forelimb for iv

Answer 47

Cephalic

Question 48

Which muscles are involved in the thoracic sling

Answer 48

- rhomboideus - serratus ventralis - pectoralis