Hepatitis Flashcards
Hepatitis A?
faecal-oral spread directly cytopathic (virus kills host cells)
Hepatitis B?
- blood to blood, sexual and vertical transmission
- long incubation, 24 months
- liver damaged by antiviral immune response
Hepatitis C?
- spread: blood products, sexually
- short incubation
- tends to be chronic
- hepatocytes damaged by antiviral immune response
Why does cirrhosed liver have a nodular appearance?
- hepatocytes poroduce multiple proteins
- cutting off access to portal circulation by fibrosis causes the proteins to accumulate
What are the complication of Hepatitis B?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
chronic hepatitis
cirrhosis
fulminant acute infection (death)
What is the pathology of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis?
- Autoantibodies to mitochondria in the bile duct
- Granulomas and bile duct loss
- Affects females
Autoimmune hepatitis pathology?
Anti smooth muscle antibodies
What is Primary Scleriosing Cholangitis?
Chronic inflammation of intra and extra hepatic bile ducts.
Causes fibrosis, duct destruction, jaundice and fibrosis.
What bowel disease is Primary Scleriosing Cholangitis associated with?
ulcerative colitis
What is haemochromatosis?
Iron deposits in hepatocytes, joints, etc.
Genetic iron storage condition (primary).
Iron overload from transfusion, diet (secondary)
primary haemochromatosis?
MEN
What’s WIlson’s Disease?
Inherited disorder of Cu metabolism
-aggregates of Cu in liver and brain
CPx of Wilson’s disease?
Keyser-Fleischer rings at corneas
Tumours in the liver tend to originate…
at other body sites: colon, pancreas, stomach, breast, lung, etc
Causes of hepatocellular carcinoma?
HBV, HCV, cirrhosis
