Colorectal cancer Flashcards
1
Q
APC gene?
A
One of the first genes that is mutated in colorectal cancers (not in familial cancers).
2
Q
Duke cancer stages?
A
A - no invasion through the bowel wall
B - invasion of the bowel wall
C - invasion + lymph node infiltration
3
Q
TNM tumour classification?
A
Tumour
Nodes
Metastases
T1 - submucosa
T2 - into muscle
T3 - through muscle
T4 - adjacent structures
N0 - no nodes
N1 <3 nodes
N2 >3 nodes invloved
M0 - no distant metastases
M1 - distant metastases
4
Q
Inheritance pattern of colorectal cancer?
A
Autosomal dominant
5
Q
Clinical features of colorectal cancer?
A
Depend on the site of cancer: anaemia pain changed bowel habits rectal bleeding tenesmus
Others: cachexia lymphadenopathy mass hepatomegaly distension
6
Q
Diagnostic tests?
A
barium enema
CT colography
sigmoidoscopy
colonoscopy
7
Q
FOBT?
A
faecal occult blood testing
used in colorectal cancer screeining and in diagnosis
8
Q
Chemotherapy for rectal cancer?
A
5-FU ( 5-fluorouracil)
Capecitabine
