Hemophilia Flashcards
Clinical manifestations of bleeding disorders
bleeding, petechia, purpura, melena, ecchymosis, spontaneous bleeding (epistaxis), hematuria
How are bleeding disorders accquired
inherited through x-linked genes
What deficiency is hemophilia A
factor VIII
What deficiency is hemophilia B
factor IX
Where does hemophilia affect the most
GI tract and joints
What population does hemophilia affect the most
men
When are signs of hemophilia present
after injury
When does joint bleeding usually occur for the first time
when a child starts walking
What can recurrent injury and bleeding cause
inflammation leading to joint fibrosis, contractures, and arthritis
How are hemophilia A/B classified
mild, moderate, or severe based on amount of clotting factors present
What does PT (prothrombin time) measure
clotting time for extrinsic pathway
What does aPTT (partial thromboplastin time) measure
clotting time for the intrinsic pathway
What test is used for VIII and IX
aPTT
What is the main treatment
replacement/demand treatment
Risk of not receiving prophylactic therapy
risk that bleeding will cause damage before replacement demand therapy is received
Con of prophylactic therapy
intensive and expensive
Desmopressin
lab made hormone used to prevent bleeding for factor VIII
Antifibrinolytic use
used to stop bleeding especially before dental work
Types of antifibrinolytic meds
tranexamic acid, epsilon aminocaproic acid
When are monoclonal antibodies used
in patients with factor VIII or IX antibodies in the bloodstream
What does bleeding in joints cause
tightness in joints, movement temporarily lost, and damage is caused
s/s of brain bleed
long painful headaches, neck pain and stiffness, vomiting, sleepiness, sudden change in behavior, sudden weakness, double vision, seizures, convulsions
