Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Immunology > Helper T-Cells & Their Response to Antigens (12) > Flashcards

Helper T-Cells & Their Response to Antigens (12) Flashcards

1
Q

Antigen-presenting cells have MHC class [I/II]

A

II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Abnormal cells have MHC class [I/II]

A

I - because cytotoxic T-cells here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Antigen-presenting cells present antigen to ______ and activate it

A

T-cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does IL-2 do?

A

activates T-cells
causes differentiation - induces to make more of its own kind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is IL-2 upregulated and activated?

A

CD28 binds with CD80/86

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CD28 preferentially binds to ____ and causes inactivation

A

CD152

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Inactivation of helper T-cell by CD152 and CD80/86 causes what to happen?

A

dopamine deoxygenase —> destroys tryptophan —> T-cell response is terminated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the activation molecule for T-cells?

A

CD28/CD80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

_____ arrange in concentric rings to form a characteristic “bulls-eye”

A

SMACs (supramolecular activation clusters)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Successful stimulation of a T-cell requires ______

A

multiple signals
antigen + costimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F: Having an antigen alone is a strong enough signal for T-cell activation

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CD4+ab T cells do what? It is defined by _____

A

recognize antigens displayed on MHC II
the cytokines secreted and NOT by any surface molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Native TH cells differentiate into ___, depending on the signals naive TH cells receive from APCs and the local environment

A

TH1
TH2
TH17
Treg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Generation of the subsets TH1, TH2, TH17 effector cells is regulated by the _____ that naive CD4+T cells receive when they encounter microbial antigens

A

stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the significance of cytokines produced by antigen-presenting cells?

A

it is the most important signal for differentiation of naive CD4+T cells into distinct subsets
in turn is discovered by nature of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Each effector T-cell subset produces cytokines that amplify ______ and inhibit ______

A

amplify itself
inhibit the other subsets

17
Q

What is the differentiation of each subset associated with?

A

the activation of transcription factors that stimulate production of various cytokines

18
Q

What are the cytokines specific for TH1?

A

IL-2
IFN-gamma
TNF-alpha

19
Q

What does TH1 cause?

A

T cell cytotoxicity
macrophage activation
some IgG production

20
Q

What are the cytokines specific for TH2?

A

IL-4
IL-5
IL-9
IL-13

21
Q

What does TH2 cause?

A

some IgG production
IgA production
IgE production

22
Q

What cytokines for TH1 and TH2 share?

A

TNF-alpha
GM-CSF
IL-3

23
Q

What are is the function of IL-2 in regards to TH1 cells?

A

activates T cells
B cells
NK cells
macrophages
antiviral

24
Q

Increased iNOS production to kill inside a macrophage is a component of what cytokine? TH1 or TH2?

A

IF-gamma
TH1

25
Q

What is the function of IF-gamma in regards to TH1 cells?

A

inhibits TH2 cells
stimulates TH1 cells
activates NK cells
activates macrophages

26
Q

What does IL-4 do with TH2 cells?

A

stimulates B cell growth and differentiation
activates mast cells

27
Q

What does IL-5 do with TH2 cells?

A

stimulates B cell growth
mobilizes and activates eosinophils (allergies)

28
Q

What does IL-9 do with TH2 cells?

A

T-cell growth factor

29
Q

What does IL-13 do with TH2 cells?

A

stimulates B cell growth
suppresses macrophage functions

30
Q

There a two types of macrophages called _____

A

M1
M2

31
Q

M1 is used in [TH1/TH2] cells for what?

A

TH1
becomes better at killing

32
Q

M2 is used in [TH1/TH2] cells for what?

A

helps in making macrophage good at repair
- parasite enters body —> causes physical damage by presence —> needs repair

33
Q

What is TH17 used for?

A

fungi
extracellular bacteria

34
Q

TH17 leads to which type of immune response?

A

inflammation
neutrophil accumulation

35
Q

TH1 deals with _____, TH2 deals with ____, and TH17 deals with ______

A

macrophages
eosinophils
neutrophils

36
Q

Helper T cells express antigen receptors (T-cell receptors) consisting of paired peptide chains, either __&___ or ____&____

A

alpha and beta
gamma and delta

37
Q

What is CD3?

A

a complex signal transducing component
where the antigen-binding chains of the T-cell receptor bind to

Immunology (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions