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NAPLEX - OUR cards > Heart Failure > Flashcards

Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

Normal EF

A

55-70%

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2
Q

HFpEF

A

EF greater than or = 50%

Impaired ventricular relaxation and filling

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3
Q

HFrEF

A

EF < 40%

impaired ability to eject blood

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4
Q

Normal BNP

A

< 100 pg/ml

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5
Q

Normal NT-proBNP

A

< 300 pg/ml

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6
Q

Cardiac output (CO) equation

A

HR x SV

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7
Q

Cardiac index (CI) equation

A

CO/BSA

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8
Q

HF pts should check their weight at what time of the day

A

In the AM after voiding and before eating

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9
Q

Sodium restrictions for HF pts (esp stage A and B)

A

< 1500 mg/day

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10
Q

Drugs to avoid in HF

A 
Class 1 anti arrhythmics (flecanide)
Non-dhp CCB (dilt, verapamil)
TZD's (incr. edema)
NSAIDs
TNF inhibitors
itraconzaole
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11
Q

Classes of drugs that decrease mortality in HF

A 
ACEi
ARBs
ARNI
Beta blockers
Aldosterone receptor antagonists 
BiDil (only in black pts)
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12
Q

Classes/drugs that improve symptoms only

A

loop diuretics
digoxin
ivabradine (corlanor)

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13
Q

Furosemide IV:PO ratio

A

1:2

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14
Q

Loop diuretic dose equivalency (F, B, T,)

A

40 mg F = 1 mg B = 20 mg T= 50 mg ethacrynic acid

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15
Q

target dose of captopril

A

50 mg TID

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16
Q

target dose of enalapril

A

10-20 mg BID

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17
Q

target dose of fosinopril

A

40 mg daily

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18
Q

target dose of lisinopril

A

20-40 mg daily

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19
Q

target dose of perindopril

A

8-16 mg daily

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20
Q

target dose of quinapril

A

20 mg BID

21
Q

target dose of ramipril

A

10 mg daily

22
Q

target dose of trandolapril

A

4 mg daily

23
Q

ARBs studied/approved for HF

A

candasartan
losartan (off-label)
valsartan

24
Q

target dose of candasartan

A

32 mg daily

25
Q

target dose of losartan

A

50-150 mg daily

26
Q

target dose of valsartan

A

160 mg BID

27
Q

target dose of Entresto

A

200 (97 sacubitril/103 valsartan) mg BID

28
Q

starting dose of entresto

A

50-100 mg BID

29
Q

renal dosing for entresto

A

crcl < 30

50 mg BID

30
Q

Beta blockers approved/studied in HF

A

Bisoprolol
Metoprolol succ
Carvedilol IR and ER

31
Q

How often should you titrate dose of BB?

A

every 2 weeks, if tolerated

32
Q

target dose of bisoprolol

A

10 mg daily

33
Q

target dose of metoprolol er

A

200 mg daily

34
Q

target dose of carvedilol IR

A

25 mg BID (<85 kg)

50 mg BID (>85 kg)

35
Q

target dose of Carvedilol ER

A

80 mg daily

36
Q

target dose of spirononlactone

A

25 mg daily or BID

37
Q

target dose of eplerenone

A

50 mg daily

38
Q

target dose of BiDIL

A

40/75 mg (2 tabs) TID

39
Q

Digoxin MOA

A

inhibits Na/K ATPase pump –> positive inotropic effect (inc CO)
decreases HR

40
Q

Therapeutic levels of Dig in HF

A

0.5-0.9 ng/ml

41
Q

Antidote for dig

A

DigiFab

42
Q

Renal dose adjustment for Dig

A

crcl < 50

43
Q

When do you measure dig levels?

A

12-24 hrs after dose is taken

44
Q

initial s/sx of dig toxicity

A

n/v, loss of appetite, bradycardia

45
Q

other s/sx of dig toxicity

A

blurred/doubled vision, altered color preception, yellow/green halos around light, confusion, arrhythmias

46
Q

Ivabradine MOA

A

inhibits “funny” current in the sinus node and leads to decr. HR

47
Q

Target dose of ivabradine

A

2.5-7.5 mg BID

Target resting HR = 50-60 bpm

48
Q

When should HF pts contact MD about weight gain?

A

2-4 lbs in 1 day

3-5 lbs in 1 week

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