Dietary supplements/Natural meds

Question 1

Dietary supplements are regulated by…

Answer 1

the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994

Question 2

What is DSHEA?

Answer 2

Act that states manufacturers of dietary supplements must proved that the products are safe….but NOT effective

Question 3

Under DSHEA, who must prove that dietary supplements are not safe?

Answer 3

The FDA is responsible for “proving” a supplement is not safe for it to be removed from the market

Question 4

Supplement manufacturers can make what claims?

Answer 4

claims about nutrient content
relationship to health
normal body function/structure comment

Question 5

What company/establishment establishes standards for for dietary supplements?

Answer 5

United states pharmacopeia (USP)

Question 6

St Johns wort induces CYP3A4 and what other enzymes?

Answer 6

P-gp

2C19&raquo_space; 2C9 >1A2

Question 7

Other side effects of st johns wort:

Answer 7

photosensitivity
decr seizure threshold
serotonin syndrome w/ other serotonergic drugs

Question 8

Natural products that can incr bleeding risk

Answer 8

5 G’s: garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng, glucosamine
fish oils
vit E
willow bark (salicyclate)

Question 9

Natural products that can cause hepatotoxicity

Answer 9

black cohosh (for menopause)
kava (stress/anxiety)

Question 10

Natural products that can cause cardiac toxicity:

Answer 10

Ephedra (taken off the market)
Bitter orange
Any stimulants used to promote weight loss

Question 11

Name for Vitamin A

Answer 11

Retinol

Question 12

Name for Vit B1

Answer 12

thiamine

Question 13

What can thiamine deficiency lead to?

Answer 13

Wernicke’s encephalopathy (mental confusion, ataxia, tremor)

can lead to permanent brain damage if not treated

Question 14

Name of Vit B2

Answer 14

riboflavin

Question 15

Name of Vit B3

Answer 15

Niacin

Question 16

Vit B6

Answer 16

Pyridoxine

Question 17

Vit B9

Answer 17

Folic Acif

Question 18

Vit b12

Answer 18

Cobalamin

Question 19

Vit C

Answer 19

Ascorbic acid

Question 20

recommended amount of folic acid for women of child-bearing age

Answer 20

400 mcg/day

600 mcg during first 2-3 months of pregnancy
decr the chance of neural tube defects

Question 21

Max dose of of Vit E:

Answer 21

400 IU daily

Question 22

Breastfed babies (4-6 months old) usually need this mineral supplemented:

Answer 22

iron
1 mg/kg/day
2 mg/kg/day for pre-term infants

Question 23

Antiepileptic drugs deplete which nutrient?

Answer 23

Calcium

Question 24

PPI’s deplete which nutrients?

Answer 24

Mg++

B12 (2+ yrs of tx)

Question 25

Homeopathy

Answer 25

“like is cured by like”

give a diluted solution of something that causes the symptoms you are trying to treat

Question 26

Homeopathic medicines are allowed to make health claims (t/f)

Answer 26

TRUE

unlike natural products and dietary supplements

Question 27

Medical food CANNOT make health claims (t/f)

Answer 27

FALSE

manufacturers can make health claims, like homeopathic meds