Healthy Pop Final Flashcards
What are the 3 branches of law?
Legislative branch
Legal (judicial branch)
Executive branch
What law comes from the executive branch?
Administrative law
What law comes from the legal (judicial) branch?
Case law
What law comes from the legislative branch?
Statutes
Where would you go to get info about traveling with animals between states?
State laws (ODA and ODA) and USDA APHIS
Where do you go if you want to fly with your pet?
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Animal Welfare Act
True/False: Only human cases are required to be reported to LHDs
True
What are diseases that are transmissible between vertebrate animals and humans under natural conditions
Zoonoses
What are diseases that are transmissible between humans?
Anthroponoses
What are diseases transmissible from abiotic environments?
Sapronoses
What are diseases transmitted from humans to animals?
Zooanthroponesis
What are included in the epidemiological triad?
Host, agent, and environment
What is the ability of organisms to penetrate and reproduce in a host?
Infectivity
What is the ability of organisms to cause disease?
Pathogenicity
What is the ability of organisms to cause severe disease or death?
Virulence
What is horizontal transmission?
From person to person
What is vertical transmission?
From mother to child
What is an example of direct contact?
Contact with open wounds
What is an example of indirect contact?
Spread through intermediary vehicle or vector (mosquito)
What is NIOSH
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Administration
What is OSHA?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Does NIOSH enforce standards or make recommendations?
Makes recommendations
Does OSHA make recommendations or enforce standards?
Enforce standards
What are the 5 layers of hierarchy of controls?
PPE, administrative controls, engineering controls, substitution, elimination
What does WOAH (OIE) do?
Coordinates global response to animal health emergencies and prevention of zoonotic diseases
What does FAO do?
Through United Nations
Achieve food security for all and make sure that people have access to food
What does WHO do?
Through United Nations
Coordinate response to health emergencies
What products does the USDA control?
Meat, eggs, products with meat
What is a hazard?
Something that has potential to harm
What is a risk?
Likelihood of a hazard causing harm
What are the 3 examples of workplace hazards?
Physical
Biological
Chemical
What is the assurance that food will not cause harm to the consumer when it is prepared and/or eaten according to its intended use? (Unintentional contamination)
Food safety
What is it called when all people, at all times, have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food meeting their dietary needs?
Food security
What is protection from acts of intentional adulteration?
Food defense
What is the effort to protect food from intention or unintentional contamination with biological, physical, or chemical hazards?
Food protection
What is a significant biological, chemical, or physical thing that can cause harm and that is reasonably likely to occur if not controlled?
A hazard
What are the 3 categories of a hazard?
Physical
Chemical
Biological
What are pre-harvest measures?
On-farm preventatives and control measures
What are post-harvest measures?
In-plant preventatives and control measures
What are food handling measures?
Adequate handling and cooking practices
Who regulates the majority of food in the US?
FDA
What food products does the FDA regulate?
Less than 2% meat/poultry
Seafood
Milk
Shelled eggs
What food products does the USDA regulate?
Domestic and imported meat and poultry in interstate commerce (not intrastate)
Processed eggs
Catfish
Who is the largest employer of veterinarians?
USDA APHIS
Who sets the required withdrawal times for residue?
FDA
Who tests/inspects for residues in slaughter plants?
USDA
Who sets guidelines for pesticides?
EPA
What was the name of the novel that sparked the Federal Meat Inspection Act?
The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
Who regulates the federal meat inspection act?
USDA
What does CFR stand for?
Code of Federal Regulations
What is the veterinarian at slaughter plants?
PHV. = Public health veterinarian
What are the 4 results of inspection (disposition types)
Us inspected and passed
US suspect
US condemned
US passed for cooking
What happens to US Suspect?
They are retained for further examination by PHV
What was the first act passed toward animal welfare?
The Laboratory Animal Welfare Act
What is the laboratory animal welfare act now know as?
The animal welfare act
What are the major species that the animal welfare act does not cover?
Rats, mice, and birds
What is special about PHS?
Public healthy service provides funding to most universities and colleges and those funded by PHS must abide by their rules
What are the five members of an IACUC committee?
1 DVM
1 experienced animal researcher
1 professional without scientific expertise
2 Randoms as part of the community
What does the PHS policy cover?
All vertebrate animals
How often do IACUC members inspect a research facility?
Twice a year
What does AAALAC International do?
Nonprofit that accredits research facilities for compliance with the Guide
What clause was the Animal Welfare Act enacted under?
The commerce clause
Who enforces the AWA?
USDA (specifically APHIS)
Who regulates the transport, sale, and handling of animals pre-research or “for other purposes” for the AWA?
Secretary of Agriculture
What is the 28 hour law?
A carrier transporting livestock ACROSS STATE LINES may not confine animals in a vehicle more than 28 hours without unloading
Must rest for 5 hours
What does the humane method of slaughter act exclude?q
Poultry
What is the PPIA?
Poultry Products Inspection Act
Overseen by FSIS
Who produces the Terrestrial animal health code?
WOAH
Who produces the codex alimentarius
WHO and FAO
Who does the surveillance, reporting, and dissemination fo information about animal diseases and zoonoses?
WOAH (OIE)
Who publishes health standards for international trade in animals and animal produces?
WOAH (SPS Agreement)
What does the WHO specialize in?
Human Health
Who governs the WOAH?
World Assembly of delegates
Where does the CDC derive their power from?
Commerce clause of constitution
Where do you report diseases?
ODH
Where do states notify diseases?
CDC
What is the website for outbreak detection?
PulseNet
What are the agencies of USDA APHIS?
Veterinary services
Wildlife services
Animal Care
What are the responsibilities of veterinary services?
Disease surveillance
Important and exports
Animal traceability
