Dental

Question 1

What are the dental quadrants?

Answer 1

1-4 starting with top right and ending with bottom right

Question 2

What is the rule of 4s and 9s?

Answer 2

The canine is always the 400 and the first molar is always the 900

Question 3

What is the upper arcade formula for canines?

Answer 3

3, 1, 4, 2

Question 4

What is the lower arcade formula for canines?

Answer 4

3, 1, 4, 3

Question 5

What is the upper arcade formula for felines?

Answer 5

3, 1, 3, 1

Question 6

What is the lower arcade formula for canines?

Answer 6

3, 1, 2, 1

Question 7

What numbers do cats not have on the upper arcade

Answer 7

105 and 205

Question 8

What numbers do cats not have on the lower arcade?

Answer 8

305, 306, 405, 406

Question 9

What is the directional term toward the median line?

Answer 9

Mesial

Question 10

What is the directional term away from the median line?

Answer 10

Distal

Question 11

What are the front of the canines and incisors directionally referred to as?

Answer 11

Labial

Question 12

What are the lateral sides of the teeth directionally referred to as?

Answer 12

Buccal

Question 13

What are the upper arcade medial side directional referred to as?

Answer 13

Palatal

Question 14

What are the lower arcade medial teeth directionally referred to as?

Answer 14

Lingual

Question 15

What is type 0 periodontal score?

Answer 15

Normal

Question 16

What is type I periodontal disease?

Answer 16

Malocclusion of a single or individual teeth

Question 17

What is type II periodontal disease?

Answer 17

Overbite

Question 18

What is type III periodontal disease?

Answer 18

Underbit

Question 19

What is type IV periodontal disease?

Answer 19

Wry bite, all over

Question 20

What are the layers of the crown called?

Answer 20

Enamel, dentin, pulp chamber

Question 21

What are the layers of the root called?

Answer 21

Cementum, Pulp chamber

Question 22

What is the junction between the enamel and the cementum called?

Answer 22

Cementoenamel junction

Question 23

What surrounds the root of the tooth?

Answer 23

Periodontal ligament

Question 24

What is the normal space between the tooth and the gingiva?

Answer 24

The gingival sulcus (normal depth ~1-3mm in dogs and ~0.5-1mm in cats)

Question 25

What is the defining factor in stage II periodontal disease?

Answer 25

Up to 25% periodontal support loss

Question 26

What is the defining factor of type III periodontal disease?

Answer 26

25-50% loss of periodontal support

Question 27

What are the aging factors of horses?

Answer 27

Eruption dates of permanent lower incisors Teeth in wear Angle of upper and lower arcade

Question 28

What is the most reliable way to age a horse?

Answer 28

Eruption of LOWER INCISORS

Question 29

What is the dental formulae for horses?

Answer 29

3 - I 1 - C 3 - P (not including Wolf) 3 - M

Question 30

Which tooth is the first upper premolar?

Answer 30

Wolf tooth

Question 31

What type of teeth do horses have related to growth?

Answer 31

Hypsodont teeth (grow continually)

Question 32

What are the dental terminology for teeth and what do they mean age wise?

Answer 32

In wear - labial cusp exposed - 6 month Level - both cusps in wear Cup Gone - no space Enamel spot - bottom of cup Dental star - remodeled dentine

Question 33

What is the groove on upper I3 called?

Answer 33

Galvayne's groove

Question 34

What does the galvayne groove show?

Answer 34

At gumline = 10 years Midway = 15 years Occlusal surface = 20 years

Question 35

What are the eruption dates of the incisors?

Answer 35

I1 - 2 1/2 years I2 - 3 1/2 years I3 - 4 1/2 years

Question 36

What are the eruption dates of the premolars?

Answer 36

P1 - 1/2 year (wolf tooth) P2 - 2 1/2 years P3 - 3 years P4 - 4 years

Question 37

What are the eruption dates of molars?

Answer 37

M1 - 1 year M2 - 2 years M3 - 3 years

Question 38

What are the cup gone phases of horses?

Answer 38

I1 - 6 years I2 - 7 years I3 - 8 years

Question 39

What is the 7 year hook?

Answer 39

A projection of the tooth from I3 at 7 years

Question 40

What is the progression of the 7 year hook?

Answer 40

7 years - hook present 9 years - gone 11 years - hook back

Question 41

What is the progression of tooth shape change in horses?

Answer 41

Oval > Round > Triangular > Rectangle

Question 42

What is the progression of shape change with dates for I1, I2?

Answer 42

Oval (erupts) Round (9 years), (10 years) Triangular (16 years), (17 years) Rectangular (18 years), (19 years)