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Anatomy > Cardio Anatomy > Flashcards

Cardio Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Between which ribs does the heart rest?

A

Between 3rd and 6th

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2
Q

What percent of body weight does the heart weigh?

A

1%

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3
Q

Which direction does the base point?

A

Craniodorsally

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4
Q

Which direction does the apex point?

A

Caudoventrally

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5
Q

What encloses the heart?

A

Pericardium within the pericardial cavity

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6
Q

What is the left side of the heart called?

A

Auricular surface

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7
Q

What is the right side of the heart called?

A

Atrial surface

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8
Q

What is the interventricular groove on the auricular (left) side called?

A

Paraconal interventricular groove

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9
Q

What is the interventricular groove on the atrial (right) side called?

A

Subsinuosal interventricular groove

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10
Q

What is the separation between the atrium and the ventricles?

A

Coronary groove

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11
Q

What are the 3 layers of the heart wall?

A

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

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12
Q

Which chambers are the deoxygenated blood?

A

Right chambers (right atrium and right ventricle)

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13
Q

What are the 2 parts to the right atrium?

A

Sinus vinarum
Right auricle

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14
Q

What are the 2 aspects to the sinus venarum?

A

Intervenous tubercle
Fossa ovalis

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15
Q

What is the intervenous tubercle?

A

Within the sinus venarum
Ridge between the cranial and caudal vena cava

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16
Q

What is the fossa ovalis?

A

In sinus venarum
Foramen ovale in fetus

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17
Q

What are the 2 aspects of the right auricle?

A

Crista terminalis: Sinoatrial node
Pectinate mm

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18
Q

What are the 5 sources of blood to the right atrium?

A

Caudal vena cava
Cranial vena cava
Azygos vein
Coronary sinus
Small cardiac veins

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19
Q

What does the right ventricle pump blood into?

A

Pulmonary trunk

20
Q

What does the pulmonary trunk split into?

A

Right and left pulmonary arteries

21
Q

What is the muscle within the ventricle and what does the muscle attach to?

A

Papillary mm and attaches to chordae tendinae

22
Q

What do the chordae tendinae attach to?

A

Attach atrioventricular valve flaps to papillary mm

23
Q

What is the muscle of the ventricular wall?

A

Trabeculae carneae

24
Q

What is the muscle that connects septal and parietal walls in both left and right ventricle? And what is its function?

A

Trabecula septomarginalis
Allows simultaneous contraction of heart walls through passing nerve bundles

25
Q

How many veins does the left atrium receive blood from?

A

5-6

26
Q

What fetal remnant is left in the left atrium?

A

Valve of foramen ovale

27
Q

Where does the left ventricle eject blood to?

A

Aorta

28
Q

What are the 4 heart valves?

A

Atrioventricular: right and left
Semilunar: aortic valve and pulmonary valve

29
Q

What are the 2 cusps of the atrioventricular valves?

A

Septal cusp and parietal cusp

30
Q

How many cusps do the semilunar valves have (pulmonary and aortic)

A

3

31
Q

What are the cusps of the aortic valve?

A

Right semilunar cusp
Left semilunar cusp
Septal semilunar cusp

32
Q

What are the cusps of the pulmonary valve?

A

Right semilunar cusp
Left semilunar cusp
Intermediate semilunar cusp

33
Q

On the left side where do you hear the pulmonary valve, aortic valve, and left AV valve (mitral)

A

PAM: 1, 2, 3
Low high low

34
Q

Where do you hear the right AV node?

A

3 or 4 IS low

35
Q

What makes the lub sound?

A

Closure of the right and left atrioventricular valve

36
Q

What makes the dub sound?

A

Closer of the aortic and pulmonary valve

37
Q

What are the 2 nodes?

A

Sinoatrial node (right auricle)
Atrioventricular node (septal cusp of right AV valve)

38
Q

What is the ring around each valve?

A

Fibrous base / fibrous rings

39
Q

What are the 7 things passing through the thoracic inlet

A

Trachea
Esophagus
Vagosympathetic trunk
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Phrenic nerves
First 2 thoracic spinal nerves
Major vessels

40
Q

What are the functions of the diaphragm?

A

Aids in respiration
Separates thoracic and abdominal cavities

41
Q

What nerves innervate the diagram

A

Right and left phrenic nerves (C5-C7)

42
Q

What are the 3 openings to the diaphragm

A

Aortic hiatus
Esophageal hiatus
Foramen vena cava

43
Q

What passes through the aortic hiatus?

A

Aorta
Azygos vein
Thoracic duct

44
Q

What passes through the esophageal hiatus?

A

Esophagus
Vagaries nerve trunks

45
Q

What passes through the foramen vena cava?

A

Caudal vena cava

46
Q

What are the boundaries of the thoracic inlet?

A

First pair of ribs to the first thoracic vertebra to the manubrium

Anatomy (26 decks)

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