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Path questions imperialendo.co.uk > Haemolytic anaemias > Flashcards

Haemolytic anaemias Flashcards

1
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Burns
  • Malaria
  • Cold Autoimmune HA
  • March haemoglobinuria
  • Direct membrane damage (drugs)
  • Mechanical haemolysis
  • G6PD deficiency
  • Microangiopathic HA
  • Haemolytic transfusion reaction
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Sickle Cell disease
  • Hypersplenism
  • Thalassaemia
  • Immune (drug induced)
  • Warm Autoimmune HA

A 17 year old was diagnosed with Infectious Mononucleosis (EBV). Confirmatory blood tests also revealed anaemia. Direct Coombs test was positive (but not “strongly positive”). On more detailed analysis, IgM antibodies were eluted from red cells with C3d remaining.

A

Cold Autoimmune HA

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2
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Burns
  • Malaria
  • Cold Autoimmune HA
  • March haemoglobinuria
  • Direct membrane damage (drugs)
  • Mechanical haemolysis
  • G6PD deficiency
  • Microangiopathic HA
  • Haemolytic transfusion reaction
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Sickle Cell disease
  • Hypersplenism
  • Thalassaemia
  • Immune (drug induced)
  • Warm Autoimmune HA

A 4 year old African boy attends your clinic with recurrent pain in the hands. While in the cold waiting room he suddenly grasps his chest in pain and starts breathing rapidly. Investigations reveal hypoxia and new chest X-ray changes that look like consolidation.

A

Sickle Cell disease

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3
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Burns
  • Malaria
  • Cold Autoimmune HA
  • March haemoglobinuria
  • Direct membrane damage (drugs)
  • Mechanical haemolysis
  • G6PD deficiency
  • Microangiopathic HA
  • Haemolytic transfusion reaction
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Sickle Cell disease
  • Hypersplenism
  • Thalassaemia
  • Immune (drug induced)
  • Warm Autoimmune HA

An 18 year old attending a routine check up at her new GP practice is noted to have mild splenomegaly and a leg ulcer. Upon questioning she mentions that she had jaundice as a child, and that one of her parents (and grandparents) suffer from anaemia. Blood results reveal slight anaemia with hyperchromic cells lacking central pallor. Coombs test is negative.

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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4
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Burns
  • Malaria
  • Cold Autoimmune HA
  • March haemoglobinuria
  • Direct membrane damage (drugs)
  • Mechanical haemolysis
  • G6PD deficiency
  • Microangiopathic HA
  • Haemolytic transfusion reaction
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Sickle Cell disease
  • Hypersplenism
  • Thalassaemia
  • Immune (drug induced)
  • Warm Autoimmune HA

A 58 year old man from South East Asia attends for a clinic feeling anaemic on return from holiday in Africa. On direct questioning he admits that he did start taking the Primaquine and Quinine you prescribed until a couple of days ago. Blood film revealed Heinz bodies and bite cells.

A

G6PD deficiency

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5
Q

Choose the most appropriate answer from the list

  • Burns
  • Malaria
  • Cold Autoimmune HA
  • March haemoglobinuria
  • Direct membrane damage (drugs)
  • Mechanical haemolysis
  • G6PD deficiency
  • Microangiopathic HA
  • Haemolytic transfusion reaction
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Sickle Cell disease
  • Hypersplenism
  • Thalassaemia
  • Immune (drug induced)
  • Warm Autoimmune HA

A 31 year old student nurse returns from her elective in Indonesia feeling generally unwell, with rigors and fever. Clinical examination reveals slight splenomegaly and haematuria.

A

Malaria

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6
Q

Choose the most appropriate cause of haemolytic anaemia from the list

  • Cold Type AIHA
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinurea
  • Drug induced/Iatrogenic
  • Pyruvate kinase deficiency
  • Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Hereditary elliptocytosis
  • Thalassaemia
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Warm Type AIHA
  • Isoimmune paroxysmal cold haemoglobinurea
  • Malaria
  • Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)

A 22 year old woman presents with dark urine and tachycardia. She believes the dark urine is related to some “problems with the water works” she is currently being treated for. Direct antiglobulin test is positive.

A

Drug induced/Iatrogenic

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7
Q

Choose the most appropriate cause of haemolytic anaemia from the list

  • Cold Type AIHA
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinurea
  • Drug induced/Iatrogenic
  • Pyruvate kinase deficiency
  • Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Hereditary elliptocytosis
  • Thalassaemia
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Warm Type AIHA
  • Isoimmune paroxysmal cold haemoglobinurea
  • Malaria
  • Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)

A 72 year old woman presents with haemolytic anaemia. FBC shows Hb 10.7 g/dL, WBC 108x10^3/uL, Platelets 90x10^3/uL. On examination the patient also has splenomegaly.

A

Warm Type AIHA

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8
Q

Choose the most appropriate cause of haemolytic anaemia from the list

  • Cold Type AIHA
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinurea
  • Drug induced/Iatrogenic
  • Pyruvate kinase deficiency
  • Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Hereditary elliptocytosis
  • Thalassaemia
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Warm Type AIHA
  • Isoimmune paroxysmal cold haemoglobinurea
  • Malaria
  • Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)

A 32 year old woman is brought in by her concerned husband. She has a 5 month history or amenorrhea and is grossly distended. Her BP is 154/98. A urine sample is taken and results confirm your suspicion.

A

Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)

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9
Q

Choose the most appropriate cause of haemolytic anaemia from the list

  • Cold Type AIHA
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinurea
  • Drug induced/Iatrogenic
  • Pyruvate kinase deficiency
  • Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Hereditary elliptocytosis
  • Thalassaemia
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Warm Type AIHA
  • Isoimmune paroxysmal cold haemoglobinurea
  • Malaria
  • Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)

A young boy presents with splenomegaly and jaundice. His blood film shows Howell-Jolly bodies and poikilocytosis. An osmotic fragility test confirms the diagnosis.

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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10
Q

Choose the most appropriate cause of haemolytic anaemia from the list

  • Cold Type AIHA
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinurea
  • Drug induced/Iatrogenic
  • Pyruvate kinase deficiency
  • Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Hereditary elliptocytosis
  • Thalassaemia
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Warm Type AIHA
  • Isoimmune paroxysmal cold haemoglobinurea
  • Malaria
  • Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)

A teenage boy originally from Lebanon presents with acute haemolytic anaemia after switching to a vegan diet. Blood film shows bite cells and blister cells.

A

Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency

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Path questions imperialendo.co.uk (44 decks)

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