Cerebrovascular disease Flashcards
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Acute Extradural Haemorrhage
- Left Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Acute Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Extradural Haemorrhage
- Right Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Lacunar Infarction
- Right Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Left Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Watershed Infarction
- Left Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Weber’s syndrome
- Left Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Vascular/Multi-infarct Dementia
A 70 year man old presented with acute onset of vertigo. On neurological examination he has left-sided loss of pain and temperature sensation with partial right-sided ptosis and miosis as well as right sided diplopia. He has a mild left-sided weakness and an ataxic gait. He reports numbness on the right side of his face.
Right Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
PICA occlusion is also known as lateral medullary syndrome.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Acute Extradural Haemorrhage
- Left Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Acute Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Extradural Haemorrhage
- Right Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Lacunar Infarction
- Right Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Left Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Watershed Infarction
- Left Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Weber’s syndrome
- Left Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Vascular/Multi-infarct Dementia
A 70 year old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with bilateral visual loss. On examination there is weakness in the proximal limbs that spared both the hands and feet.
Watershed Infarction
Watershed infarcts are cortical infarcts caused by prolonged periods of low perfusion, common in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Acute Extradural Haemorrhage
- Left Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Acute Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Extradural Haemorrhage
- Right Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Lacunar Infarction
- Right Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Left Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Watershed Infarction
- Left Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Weber’s syndrome
- Left Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Vascular/Multi-infarct Dementia
A 70 year lady old collapsed at home and is taken to hospital. She regains consciousness but has a right sided hemiplegia, hemianesthesia and hemianopia with eye deviation towards the left. She also has an expressive aphasia.
Left Middle Cerebral Occlusion
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Acute Extradural Haemorrhage
- Left Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Acute Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Extradural Haemorrhage
- Right Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Lacunar Infarction
- Right Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Left Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Watershed Infarction
- Left Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Weber’s syndrome
- Left Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Vascular/Multi-infarct Dementia
A 70 year old man is presents with headache, being unable to read the right pages of his book and walking into a lamppost. Neurological examination revealed left sided sensory loss in the head and limbs.
Right Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Acute Extradural Haemorrhage
- Left Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Acute Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Extradural Haemorrhage
- Right Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage
- Right Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Lacunar Infarction
- Right Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Occlusion
- Left Anterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Watershed Infarction
- Left Middle Cerebral Occlusion
- Weber’s syndrome
- Left Posterior Cerebral Occlusion
- Vascular/Multi-infarct Dementia
A 70 year old lady presented with a headache, mild weakness and drowsiness. She says she can’t remember when it started. On CT the lesion is hypo-dense to the brain parenchyma.
Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage
Chronic sub-durals are iso-dense or hypo-dense on CT, compared to acute sub-durals which are hyper-dense.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Sporadic CJD
- Dysphoria
- Kuru
- Ataxia
- Variant CJD
- Dementia
- Gerstmann-Straussler-Sheinker syndrome
- Positive Pulvinar Sign
- Iatrogenic CJD
- Diminished reflexes
- Myoclonus
- Dysautonomia
- Hallucinations
- Methionine-Methionine
- Periodic complexes on EEG
A 30-year-old male is being investigated by the neurology team. Tonsillar biopsy yields a conclusive diagnosis. What is the diagnosis?
Variant CJD
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Sporadic CJD
- Dysphoria
- Kuru
- Ataxia
- Variant CJD
- Dementia
- Gerstmann-Straussler-Sheinker syndrome
- Positive Pulvinar Sign
- Iatrogenic CJD
- Diminished reflexes
- Myoclonus
- Dysautonomia
- Hallucinations
- Methionine-Methionine
- Periodic complexes on EEG
A 25-year-old female with Variant CJD undergoes brain MRI scanning, what is seen?
Positive Pulvinar Sign
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Sporadic CJD
- Dysphoria
- Kuru
- Ataxia
- Variant CJD
- Dementia
- Gerstmann-Straussler-Sheinker syndrome
- Positive Pulvinar Sign
- Iatrogenic CJD
- Diminished reflexes
- Myoclonus
- Dysautonomia
- Hallucinations
- Methionine-Methionine
- Periodic complexes on EEG
A 70-year-old male is suffering from iatrogenic CJD. What would have been the initial feature?
Ataxia
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Sporadic CJD
- Dysphoria
- Kuru
- Ataxia
- Variant CJD
- Dementia
- Gerstmann-Straussler-Sheinker syndrome
- Positive Pulvinar Sign
- Iatrogenic CJD
- Diminished reflexes
- Myoclonus
- Dysautonomia
- Hallucinations
- Methionine-Methionine
- Periodic complexes on EEG
A 30-year-old female undergoes genetic testing and is found to have the PRNP P102L mutation. What condition does she suffer from?
Gerstmann-Straussler-Sheinker syndrome
Choose the most appropriate answer from the list.
- Sporadic CJD
- Dysphoria
- Kuru
- Ataxia
- Variant CJD
- Dementia
- Gerstmann-Straussler-Sheinker syndrome
- Positive Pulvinar Sign
- Iatrogenic CJD
- Diminished reflexes
- Myoclonus
- Dysautonomia
- Hallucinations
- Methionine-Methionine
- Periodic complexes on EEG
A 70-year-old male has elevated 14-3-3 protein in the CSF. What finding would you expect in him but NOT in a patient with variant CJD?
Periodic complexes on EEG
