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Histology Fall 2019 > H&E Staining > Flashcards

H&E Staining Flashcards

1
Q

basophilic

A

substances that attract basic dyes, blue hematoxylin, ex: nuclei, ribosomes

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2
Q

acidophilic

A

substances that attract acidic dyes, pink eosin, ex: proteins, cytoplasm

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3
Q

basic dye

A

charge on the dye ion is positive, also known as cationic

ex: crystal violet, safranin

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4
Q

acidic dye

A

charge on the dye ion is negative, also known as anionic,

ex: orange G, picric acid

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5
Q

mordant

A

a reagent, often a metal (aluminum, tungsten, iron, chromium) used to link the stain to the tissue

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6
Q

lake

A

the combination of a dye and a mordant

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7
Q

hematein

A

oxidation product of hematoxylin, a weak anionic dye

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8
Q

differentiation

A

process by which excess stain is removed from a tissue so that only the desired element is left stained so it can easily be seen against a clear or counterstained background

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9
Q

progressive staining

A

the reaction is stopped once the desired intensity is achieved. The slide is then rinsed and blued to increase the intensity of the nuclear stain. usually for special stains

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10
Q

regressive staining

A

tissue is overstained and then decolorized with an acidic solution until only the desired element is left stained, this is typically how mordant dyes are used. typically used for hematoxylin staining

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11
Q

Delafield

A

naturally ripened by exposing to oxygen, aluminum mordant, regressive staining

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12
Q

Ehrlich

A

naturally ripened by exposing to oxygen, aluminum mordant, regressive staining

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13
Q

Harris

A

chemically oxidized with sodium iodate, aluminum mordant, progressive staining

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14
Q

Mayer

A

chemically oxidized with sodium iodate, aluminum mordant, does not contain alcohol, progressive staining

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15
Q

Gill

A

chemically oxidized with sodium iodate, aluminum mordant, progressive staining, only hematoxylin that will stain mucin, esp in goblet cells

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16
Q

Weigert

A

ferric chloride (iron) is the oxidizer and mordant, not used in routine H&E, resists acidic solutions

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17
Q

hematin

A

formalin pigment

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18
Q

chromogen

A

benzene derivatives that contain chromogens

19
Q

chromophore

A

the chemical group that confers color in dyes

20
Q

auxochrome

A

ionizing groups that enable dye to link firmly to tissue

21
Q

MGP technique (methyl green-pyronin)

A

stains RNA rose using pyronin and DNA green with methyl green

22
Q

giemsa

A

polychrome stain; a compound dye made up of different colors that should be pH 6.4 to 6.9

23
Q

Feulgen reaction

A

demonstrates DNA but not RNA, shows red nuclei only

24
Q

Bouin solution

A

hydrolyzes nuclei during fixation, doesn’t work with Feulgen reaction

25
Q

acetic acid

A

makes nuclear staining more selective

26
Q

Romanowsky-type stains

A

a combination of the basic dye methylene blue and the acidic dye eosin commonly used to differentiate leukocytes (white blood cells)

27
Q

refractive index

A

should be near that of the tissue

28
Q

refractive index

A

should be near that of the tissue, tissue appears more transparent as the media’s refractive index approaches that pf the tissue

29
Q

cane sugar

A

can be added to aqueous mounting media to prevent diffusion of basic aniline dyes

30
Q

cornflaking

A

tissue dries out before coverslipping and appears burnt or singed

31
Q

pale pink cytoplasm in H&E

A

pH problem with the eosin; due to incomplete removal of bluing agent (too low pH) or too little acid (too high pH)

32
Q

reddish brown nuclei in H&E

A

over ripened hematoxylin

33
Q

uneven staining

A

paraffin was not completely removed

34
Q

milky water after hydrating alcohols

A

xylene has been carried over, change the alcohols to correct this

35
Q

slide dries out before coverslipping

A

glossy black nuclei, cornflaking, and brown stippling may occur

36
Q

dark nuclei and blue cytoplasm in H&E

A

inadequate differentiation

37
Q

blue-black precipitate in H&E

A

filter the hematoxylin to remove aluminum-hematein crystals

38
Q

incomplete dehydration

A

microscopic water bubbles trapped under the coverslip

39
Q

microscopic water bubbles trapped under the coverslip

A

incomplete dehydration

40
Q

some parts of tissue can’t be brought into focus

A

mounting media on top of the coverslip

41
Q

hazy blue nuclei

A

too much heat during processing

42
Q

undo H&E

A

use acid alcohol

43
Q

last dehydrating alcohol is very pink

A

contains water which carried over eosin

44
Q

poor Giemsa staining

A

change the pH of the solution

Histology Fall 2019 (31 decks)

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