Cardiovascular

Question 1

Artery Tunica Intima

Answer 1

20% of wall thickness, simple squamous epithelium, internal elastic lamina

Question 2

Vein Tunica Intima

Answer 2

very thin, simple squamous epithelium, little to no internal elastic lamina

Question 3

Artery Tunica Media

Answer 3

more smooth muscle, thickest layer, external elastic lamina

Question 4

Vein Tunica Media

Answer 4

fewer smooth muscle layers, very thin, more irregular shape, no external elastic lamina

Question 5

Artery Tunica adventitia

Answer 5

connective tissue with elastic and collagen fibers, contains vasa vasorum and nervi vascularis

Question 6

Vein Tunica adventitia

Answer 6

connective tissue, thinner than artery

Question 7

Artery

Answer 7

round smaller lumen, thicker walls, no valves, blood is actively pumped

Question 8

Vein

Answer 8

irregular larger lumen, thinner walls, valves, no pressure, blood passively flows and valves prevent back flow

Question 9

endocardium

Answer 9

inner wall of the 4 heart chambers, simple squamous epithelium, connective tissue, thickest in the atria, thinnest in the ventricles

Question 10

myocardium

Answer 10

thick muscular layer of the heart (cardiac muscle), thin in the atria, thickest in the left ventricle to push oxygenated blood throughout the body

Question 11

pericardium

Answer 11

outermost layer made mainly of adipose and mesothelium (facing the body cavity) containing nerves and blood vessels

Question 12

components of the cardiovascular system

Answer 12

heart, arteries, veins and capillaries

Question 13

2 pathways of the circulatory system

Answer 13

systemic and pulmonary

Question 14

systemic blood circulatory system

Answer 14

transports blood from the heart to the body tissues via arteries and returns deoxygenated blood to the heart via veins

Question 15

pulmonary blood circulatory system

Answer 15

moves blood to and from the lungs for gas exchange; arteries move deoxygenated blood to the lungs and veins move oxygenated blood to the heart

Question 16

pathway of blood flow in the human body

Answer 16

artery>arteriole>capillary>post capillary venule>vein

Question 17

structure and function of purkinjie fibers

Answer 17

large muscle fibers with vacuolated cytoplasm due to high glycogen; allows the heart’s conduction system to create synchronized contractions, essential for good heart rhythm (looks like pink fat cells)

Question 18

sinusoidal capillaries

Answer 18

wide, leaky capillaries found in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow

Question 19

3 types of circulatory systems

Answer 19

pulmonary, systemic, lymphatic

Question 20

Right Atrium

Answer 20

Receives deoxygenated blood from the veins, thick endocardium, thin muscle, moves blood short distance to right ventricle (“down”: atrium on top ventricle on the bottom)

Question 21

Right Ventricle

Answer 21

thick muscle wall, pumps deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary artery to the lungs and into the left atrium via pulmonary veins

Question 22

Left Atrium

Answer 22

receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins, thick endocardium, thin muscle layer, pushes blood short distance “down” to the left ventricle

Question 23

Left Ventricle

Answer 23

has the thickest wall, pumps oxygenated blood throughout the body against the resistance of vessel walls, requires the most oxygen of all chambers

Question 24

3 classes of capillaries

Answer 24

continuous capillaries (tight), fenestrated capillaries (windows), sinusoidal capillaries (leaky)