guide to human genome for clinicians Flashcards
1
Q
where is genetic info held
A
in DNA in the sequence of the bases held on the sugar phosphate backbone
2
Q
how is a chromosome formed
A
- The DNA strand associates with proteins and is wound into a tight structure called a chromosome
3
Q
roughly how many genes do we have
A
30000 genes, 2 copies per cell. But only 2% makes up your genome
4
Q
when does dna replication occur in cell cycle
A
during the S phase
5
Q
damage in DNA during replication
A
- Repair mechanisms exist
- Defects in these repair mechanisms cause disease
6
Q
what is pre mRNA
A
its the state DNA is in when first transcribed from original chromosome. mRNA is then spliced and translated into proteins
7
Q
when can mutations occur
A
during mitosis
