antibiotics 2

Question 1

what are protein synthesis inhibitors

Answer 1

Antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis
do so by attaching to bacterial ribosomes

Question 2

does protein synthesis continue once protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotic is removed

Answer 2

most of the time as the antibiotics are bacteriostatic

Question 3

aminoglycosides

Answer 3

they are bactericidal which means normal protein synthesis cannot continue once removed

Question 4

examples of protein synthesis inhibitors

Answer 4

gentamicin (goes into bones), chloramphenicol (topical), aminoglycosides (bacteriacidal)

Question 5

gentamicin

Answer 5

aminoglycoside, used in life threatening scenarios, IV, Gram -ve aerobic organisms. Toxic causes damage to kidneys and cranial nerves

Question 6

tetracyclines

Answer 6

most common is doxycycline, bacteriostatic, protein synthesis inhibitor, broad spectrum, causes destruction to normal gut flora

Question 7

macrolides

Answer 7

bacteriostatic, commonly used instead of penicillin, excreted via liver. example = erythromycin

Question 8

antibiotics that target nucleic acids

Answer 8

fluoroquinolones, metronidazole

Question 9

quinolones mode of action

Answer 9

bacteriacidal, prevents supercoiling of DNA so indirectly inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 10

examples of quinolones

Answer 10

ciprofloxacin

Question 11

nitroimadazoles

Answer 11

oral and IV, active against anaerobes (parasites/protozoa). less likely to develop resistance as takin in inactive state

Question 12

inhibitors of folic acid synthesis

Answer 12

folic acid is needed for synthesis. sulphonamides, trimethroprim. common to prescribe both to avoid resistance

Question 13

trimethoprim

Answer 13

inhibits synthesis of folic acid. gram - and +, excreted through urine, good for UTIs

Question 14

what type of antibiotic covers the most common types of infection

Answer 14

gentamicin