body systems and function

Question 1

4 basic tissue types

Answer 1

muscle, epithelia, nerves, connective

Question 2

how to we get nutrients to our blood

Answer 2

from the GI tract. mouth to anus. nutrients absorbed into veins of small intestine

Question 3

how does the liver help in getting nutrients to blood

Answer 3

Liver stores some nutrients, makes products from them or returns them to venous system. Liver also detoxifies any harmful substance from GI

Question 4

how to we deliver nutrients to cell

Answer 4

cardiovascular system. Veins drain back towards heart. Veins carry the absorbed nutrients to the liver at the start. The blood then drains from liver to heart. Arteries then carry the blood away from the heart

Question 5

the heart anatomy

Answer 5

• 2 sides, R&L. right side pumps venous (deoxygenated) blood to the lungs. Lefts side pumps arterial (oxygenated) blood to rest of body.

Question 6

circulation

Answer 6

heart pumps oxygenated blood to arteries. Arteries supply blood to arterioles. Arterioles to capillaries (in other body parts). Capillaries drain the blood into venules. Venules to veins. Veins back to heart to be reoxygenated.

Question 7

how does oxygen get into our blood

Answer 7

• Respiratory system. Air travels through respiratory tree, surface of thin walled alveoli is covered in thin walled capillaries. Allows oxygen to be transferred into the blood and CO2 out of blood. The newly oxygenated blood is returned to heart

Question 8

delivering oxygen to cells

Answer 8

haematological system. haemaglobin in blood reversibly binds to oxygen in lungs. it then carries to capillaries where its released to other cells. O2 and CO2 are diffused down conc gradient.

Question 9

producing lymph

Answer 9

• Fluid squeezed out of capillaries by blood pressure is mainly reabsorbed. Excess fluid is called tissue fluid. Once it’s taken up by the lymphatic vessels its called lymph. A major lymphatic vessel is called the thoracic duct, it returns lymph to large veins in neck.

Question 10

which systems excrete waste products

Answer 10

GI, respiratory, renal

Question 11

internal/external protection:
integumentary system

Answer 11

‘skin’. Physical defense, waterproof, regulate temp, protects against UV

Question 12

lymphatic system

Answer 12

Normal nodes cant be palpated. Ones fighting infection or being infiltrated my cancer usually enlarge and can be palpated. Therefor easy way to detect infection. Tonsils and spleen also assist with destruction of invading pathogens

Question 13

nervous system

Answer 13

Allows us to sense inner and outer environment and effect an appropriate response. Made up of CNS and PNS

Question 14

musculoskeletal

Answer 14

Linked to nervous. Contraction moves skeleton at joints to allow locomotion. The system allows us to breathe and move.

Question 15

which systems regulate processes in body

Answer 15

• Endocrine and nervous. Endocrine consists of endocrine glands found all round body. Thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, pituitary, ovary, testis, parathyroid. All glands secret hormones into their capillary blood

Question 16

survival of species

Answer 16

reproductive system doesn’t care about survival of individual but survival of the species