Group and Team Dynamics

Question 1

Group

Answer 1

A collection of people who share similar goals and interact with one another

Question 2

Group/sports team formation
(Tuckman’s Model)

Answer 2

1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing

Question 3

Forming

Answer 3

• High dependence on leader for guidance
• Getting to know eachother
• Little agreement on aims
• Individual roles unclear
• Leader must be prepared to give strong direction

Question 4

Storming

Answer 4

• Group decisions difficult
• Status/role development –> jostle for position
• Clear focus for team –> sense of purpose
• Cliques form & power struggles
• Conflict resolution
• Loss of pps

Question 5

Norming

Answer 5

• Settling down phase
• More agreement
• Roles/responsibilities clear & accepted
• Decisions made through group agreement
• Increased cohesion & co-operation
• Respect for leader & leadership shared

Question 6

Performing

Answer 6

• More strategies
• Clear vision ahead
• Disagreements resolved quickly & positively
• Members trusted and get on with job in hand
• Team does not need instruction/assisting
• Intuition

Question 7

Team cohesion

Answer 7

The strength and extent of interpersonal connection existing among the members of a group.

Motivation attracts pps to the group & resists group breaking up

Question 8

2 dimensions of Team Cohesion

Answer 8

1. Group Integration –> how individual members of the group feel about group as a whole
2. Individual Attraction to the Group –> how attracted the individuals are to the group

Question 9

Strategies to Promote Group Cohesion

Answer 9

• Provide clear roles
• Team building
• Evaluate individual performance
• Punishment
• Select Teams
• Set team goals
• Practice set plays
• Strong leadership
• Reinforce team success

Question 10

Group Productivity

Answer 10

Actual productivity = potential productivity – losses due to faulty processing

Question 11

Group Productivity Losses

Answer 11

Social Loafing
Ringelmann Effect

Question 12

Social Loafing

Answer 12

When individuals in a group lose motivation

Caused by individual losing identity when placed in a group

• Motivational loss
• Being lazy
• Opting out
• No accountability

Question 13

Prevent Social Loafing by

Answer 13

• Setting high standards
• Accountability
• Trackers
• Individual goals
• Punish low motivation
• Use drive reduction theory

Question 14

Ringelmann Effect

Answer 14

Average individual performance decreases as group size increases

Loss in performance due to:
- Co-ordination loss
- Technical loss
- Common in large teams & with complex skills

Question 15

Prevent Ringelmann Effect by:

Answer 15

• Clear team & individual goals
• Near transfer
• Teams within teams
• Overlearning of set plays
• Select cohesive team
• Reinforce success