Attitudes

Question 1

Attitude

Answer 1

A predisposition to act in a particular way to something/one in environment

Learned rather than innate

Enduring once formed

Question 2

Origins of attitude

Answer 2

• Socialisation
• Past experiences
• Religious beliefs
• Media
• Significant others / role models

Question 3

Components of attitudes (the triadic model of attitude)

Answer 3

1. Beliefs (cognitive)
2. Emotions (affective)
3. Behaviour (behavioural)

Question 4

Beliefs

Answer 4

• Cognitive element (knowing)
• Formed through past experiences & learning from others
• More likely to learn from significant others
• E.g. running causes injury

Question 5

Emotions

Answer 5

• Affective element (feeling)
• Reactions to an attitude object (like/dislike)
• Depend on past experiences
• More likely to look forwards to experience if previously positive
• E.g. I don’t enjoy running

Question 6

Behaviour

Answer 6

• Behavioural element (doing)
• Not always consistent with attitudes
• Know exercise is good and like it but don’t do much
• More likely to behave in a way that reveals our attitude
• E.g. I refuse to go running

Question 7

Methods of Changing Attitudes

Answer 7

Persuasive Communication
Cognitive Dissonance

Question 8

Persuasive Communication

Answer 8

Important method in changing attitudes or an element of attitude

Question 9

Effectiveness of persuasion depends on:

Answer 9

• Person doing persuading
• Quality of message
• Characteristics of person being persuaded

Question 10

Characteristics of persuader:

Answer 10

• High status (coach/teacher)
• Fit themselves
• Good communication/leadership skills

Question 11

Cognitive Dissonance

Answer 11

• Imbalance in your beliefs
• When your attitude elements (ABC) don’t agree
• For change in attitude to occur, one must experience 2/more opposing beliefs
• Makes them feel in two minds

Question 12

Attitudes associated with PE +

Answer 12

• Believe in value of exercise
• Enjoy activities/competitions
• Good at activity
• Excitement from physical challenge
• Relaxation and escape from stress (catharsis)
• Participation a social norm

Question 13

Attitudes associated with PE -

Answer 13

• Harmful and better of doing other activities
• Dislike experiences involved
• Lack physical/perceptual skills
• Frightened of activity
• Stress and anxiety when participate
• Social norm non-participating

Question 14

Stereotypes

Answer 14

a belief held by a collection of people about traits shared by a certain category of person