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Readings in Philippine History > Group 7 - Japan's Imperialism Design > Flashcards

Group 7 - Japan's Imperialism Design Flashcards

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1
Q

How did the Japanese thought of the Philippines and the rest of Southeast Asia

A
  • place for expansion
  • source of materials
  • market for its products
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2
Q

Road that the Japanese helped to build

A

Benguet Road

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3
Q

Benguet Road now

A

Kennon Road

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4
Q

Plantations that the Japanese established in Davao

A
  • abaca
  • coconut
  • banana
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5
Q

By 1935, how many Japanese were in the Philippines

A

40,000

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6
Q

How many Japanese concentrated in Davao

A

25, 000

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7
Q

How many Japanese concentrated in Manila

A

5, 000

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8
Q

When did World War I end

A

1918

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9
Q

When did the Japanese leaders advocate a takeover of the Philippines

A

as early as 1922

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10
Q

When did the Japanese colonize Korea

A

1910

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11
Q

German possessions that the Japanese took over

A
  1. Northern Mariana Islands
  2. Carolines
  3. Palau
  4. Marshall Islands
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12
Q

When did Pres. Quezon create the Civilian Emergency Administration (CEA)

A

April 1, 1941
(April Fools! chariz)

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13
Q

What did Pres. Quezon create on April 1, 1941

A

Civilian Emergency Administration (CEA)

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14
Q

What was established in the Civilian Emergency Administration

A
  • blackout practices
  • evacuation centers
  • air raid drills
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15
Q

Where did the first blackout practice held

A

Manila

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16
Q

When did the first blackout practice happen

A

July 10, 1941

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17
Q

When was Lt. Gen. Douglas MacArthur called back to Pres. Quezon’s active service

A

July 26, 1941

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18
Q

How many Filipino soldiers were taken into MacArthur’s command

A

100, 000

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19
Q

How were the citizen-soldiers trained

A
  • Preparatory Military Training (PMT)
  • Reserve Officers Training Course (ROTC)
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20
Q

Why were the training programs saddled

A

lack of adequate equipment and ammunition

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21
Q

When did Pres. Roosevelt order the Philippine Army’s mobilization and integrated it with the Philippine Division of the U.S. Army

A

July 27, 1941

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22
Q

What was formed after integrating the Philippine Army and the Philippine Division of the U.S. Army

A

United States Armed Forces in the Far East (USAFFE)

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23
Q

Who was the commander of the USAFFE

A

Lt. Gen. Douglas MacArthur

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24
Q

war plan which called for a defense of Manila and Subic Bays’ entrances

A

Rainbow-5

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25
Q

Rainbow-5 war plan

A
  • no reinforcements to be sent
  • implied Philippines’ loss
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26
Q

How many men did Gen. MacArthur said he has after protesting against the Rainbow-5 war plan

A

101, 550 men

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27
Q

With the pitiful state of the Philippines, what did Pres. Quezon contemplate once the country became independent

A
  • neutralization
  • placing the country under British Commonwealth
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28
Q

When did Pres. Quezon secretly go to Japan

A

June 1938

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29
Q

What did Pres. Quezon discuss with Japan after going secretly

A

prospect of neutrality

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30
Q

What did Pres. Quezon ask the National Assembly to establish

A

National Defense

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31
Q

When was the National Defense established

A

November 1, 1939

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32
Q

act provided infantry establishment consisting of a reserve force and an active force, an army air corps, and a navy

A

National Defense Act

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33
Q

When did the militarists took over the Japanese government

A

1930s

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34
Q

When did the Japanese annex Manchuria

A

1931

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35
Q

When did Japan prove an undeclared war with China

A

1937

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36
Q

When did Japan ally itself with the Axis powers and occupy the French Indochina

A

1940

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37
Q

What did the U.S. impose in reaction to the Japanese aggression

A
  • embargo oil and scrap metal exports to Japan
  • froze Japanese assets in American banks
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38
Q

Who did Japan send to negotiate with the Americans

A

Admiral K. Nomura

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39
Q

When did the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor and other military installations in Hawaii

A

December 7, 1941 (Dec. 8, 1941, Philippine time)

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40
Q

The attack on Pearl Harbor left how many casualties

A

2, 897 dead

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41
Q

How many battleships were sank or heavily damaged after the bombing of the Pearl Harbor

A

8

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42
Q

Along with Pearl Harbor, the Japanese also attacked:

A
  • Hong Kong
  • Guam
  • Wake Island
  • Midway
  • Philippines
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43
Q

When did the U.S. declare a state of war with Japan

A

December 8, 1941
(one day after bombing sa Pearl Harbor)

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44
Q

Where was the first point to be bombed in the Philippines by the Japanese

A

Davao

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45
Q

What places were raided in the Philippines after bombing of Davao

A
  1. Tuguegarao
  2. Baguio
  3. Iba
  4. Tarlac
  5. Clark Field
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46
Q

When did the Japanese invaders make their first successful landing at Aparri and Vigan

A

December 10, 1941

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47
Q

When did the Japanese land on Davao

A

December 20, 1941

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48
Q

Why could Gen. MacArthur not stop the Japanese landing

A
  • Air Force has been destroyed
  • lacked naval support
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49
Q

Why did Gen. MacArthur lack naval support

A

withdrawal of Admiral Thomas C. Hart’s fleet to the south

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50
Q

Because of the three-pincer movement of Japan from north and south, what did Gen. MacArthur order

A

transfer of valuable military supplies of the USAFFE to Corregidor and Bataan

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51
Q

When did Gen. MacArthur put effect the secret military plan, War Plan Orange 3 (WPO-3)

A

December 23, 1941

52
Q

provided for the withdrawal of all USAFFE forces to Bataan Peninsula

A

War Plan Orange 3 (WPO-3)

53
Q

When did Pres. Quezon move to Corregidor

A

December 24, 1941

54
Q

Where was the Second Commonwealth Government transferred

A

Corregidor

55
Q

When did Gen. MacArthur proclaim Manila as an ‘open city’

A

December 26, 1941

56
Q

enemy forces might enter the area provided they stopped shooting

A

Open City

57
Q

By ___, Japanese forces had already entered Manila

A

January 2, 1942

58
Q

radio broadcaster of the Americans

A

Voice of America

59
Q

When did the Battle of Bataan begin

A

January 6, 1942

60
Q

When did Gen. Homma hurl his troops against the USAFFE lines in Bataan

A

January 9, 1942

61
Q

When did Pres. Quezon and his family leave Corregidor for Australia

A

February 18, 1942

62
Q

What did Pres. Quezon ride going to Australia

A

submarine Swordfish

63
Q

When did Pres. Quezon sail for San Francisco, California

A

April 20, 1942

64
Q

What did Pres. Quezon ride going to San Francisco, California

A

submarine S.S. Pres. Coolidge

65
Q

When did MacArthur leave Corregidor for Australia

A

March 11, 1942

66
Q

Why did MacArthur leave for Australia

A

assume command on the newly designated Southwest Pacific Area (SWPA)

67
Q

What was constituted after the deactivation of USAFFE

A

United States Army Forces in the Philippines (USAFIP)

68
Q

Who commanded the United States Army Forces in the Philippines (USAFIP)

A

Major Gen. Jonathan Wainwright

69
Q

When did MacArthur land in Australia

A

March 17, 1942

70
Q

When did Gen. Homma unleash the full-fury of an all-out Japanese offense in Bataan

A

April 3, 1942

71
Q

Who surrendered to stop the carnage and prevent further killing of the helpless defenders

A

Gen. Edward P. King

72
Q

Bataan forces’ American commander

A

Gen. Edward P. King

73
Q

When did Bataan fall

A

April 9, 1942

74
Q

Why were the defenders not able to resist the Japanese forces

A
  • no air and naval support
  • insufficiently equipped
  • starved of food, medicine and ammunition
  • aid from America never arrived
75
Q

How many USAFFE forces laid down their arms in Bataan

A

76, 000 USAFFE forces

76
Q

Aside from the 76, 000 prisoners of war (POW), how many civilian refugees were trapped behind Bataan’s USAFFE lines

A

26, 000

77
Q

When did the Bataan death march start

A

April 9, 1942

78
Q

Road the POW took to go to San Fernando

A
  • Limay
  • Balanga
  • Orani
  • Lubao
79
Q

What did the Japanese violate during the Bataan death march

A

Third Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War

80
Q

How many Filipino officers did the Japanese soldiers execute

A

350 - 400

81
Q

Mariveles, Bataan to San Fernando, Pampanga

A

106 km

82
Q

San Fernando, Pampanga to Capas, Tarlac

A

40 km

83
Q

Capas, Tarlac to Camp O’Donnell

A

11 km

84
Q

What did the POW undergo during the Bataan death march

A
  • not given food, water, or medicine
  • beaten constantly
  • killed or buried alive
85
Q

Starting point of the railway

A

San Fernando, Pampanga

86
Q

Where the POW placed during their trip to Capas, Tarlac

A

boxcars

87
Q

End point of the railway

A

Capas, Tarlac

88
Q

When did they reach Camp O’Donnell

A

April 15, 1942

89
Q

How many POW reached Camp O’Donnell

A

56, 000

90
Q

What is the name of the training ground the POW reached after the death march

A

Camp O’Donnell

91
Q

Approx. how many Filipinos and Americans died during the Bataan death march

A
  • 2,500 Filipinos
  • 500 Americans
92
Q

In Camp O’Donnell, what did the POW undergo

A
  • no medical supplies given
  • insufficient diet
93
Q

Approx. how many Filipinos and Americans died in Camp O’ Donnell

A
  • 26,000 Filipinos
  • 1,500 Americans
94
Q

When did Corregidor fall

A

May 6, 1942

95
Q

How many Filipino-American soldiers were taken as prisoners during the fall of Corregidor

A

12, 000

96
Q

When did Gen. Wainwright read over an order to all commanders to cease resistance and to surrender

A

May 7, 1942

97
Q

What did Gen. Wainwright read over the Radio KZRH

A

for the commanders to
- cease resistance
- surrender

98
Q

Where did Gen. Wainwright read the order to cease resistance and to surrender

A

Radio KZRH 11:40 PM

99
Q

When did Major Gen. William Sharp Jr. surrender to the Japanese

A

May 10, 1942

100
Q

Who is the commander of the Visayan-Mindanao forces

A

Major Gen. William Sharp Jr.

101
Q

Where did Major Gen. William Sharp Jr. surrender

A

Japanese in Malaybalay, Bukidnon

102
Q

When did the Japanese Imperial forces successfully invaded the entire Philippine archipelago

A

May 31, 1942

103
Q

When were the Guerrilla organizations established

A

Later half of 1942

104
Q

Leader of the Guerrilla organization in:
Mindanao

A

Col. Wendell Fertig

105
Q

Leader of the Guerrilla organization in:
Negros

A

Col. Salvador Abcede

106
Q

Leader of the Guerrilla organization in:
Cebu

A

Lt. Col. James Cushing

107
Q

Leader of the Guerrilla organization in:
Bohol

A

Major Ismael Ingeniero

108
Q

Leader of the Guerrilla organization in:
Panay

A

Col. Macario Peralta

109
Q

When was the southern Philippines covered by the Allied communications network

A

End of 1943

110
Q

Why was the Southern Philippines covered by the Allied communications network at the end of 1943

A

increase submarine operations carrying supplies and personnel

111
Q

When were the submarine operations extended to Central Visayas and Palawan

A

First half of 1944

112
Q

Why were the Guerilla units’ coordination and unification difficult in Luzon

A

heavy presence of Japanese forces

113
Q

Independent guerrilla commands in Luzon:
Central Luzon

A

Forces of Major Robert Lapham

114
Q

Leader of the Guerrilla organization in:
Pampanga

A

Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa Hapon (Hukbalahap)

115
Q

Leader of the Guerrilla organization in:
East-Central Luzon

A

East-Central Luzon Guerrilla Area (ECLGA) under Col. Edwin Ramsey

116
Q

Leader of the Guerrilla organization in:
Cavite

A

Hunters ROTC of Col. Eleuterio Adevoso

117
Q

Leader of the Guerrilla organization in:
Batangas

A

Pres. Quezon’s Guerrillas

118
Q

When did the guerrilla command in Northern Luzon fall under Major Russell Volckmann

A

Early 1944

119
Q

The Norther Luzon guerrilla command was designated as the

A

United States Army Forces in the Philippines, Northern Luzon (USAFIP-NL)

120
Q

Who led the United States Army Forces in the Philippines, Northern Luzon (USAFIP-NL)

A

Major Russell Volckmann

121
Q

When were the Philippines’ liberation campaign’s preparations largely complete

A

Middle of 1944

122
Q

How were the Philippines’ liberation campaign preparations done

A

through intelligence report provided by the guerrillas

123
Q

When did MacArthur invade Leyte

A

October 20, 1944

124
Q

MacArthur’s invasion of Leyte signaled

A

all guerrilla organizations to launch an open assault against the Japanese

125
Q

Who wrote the radio broadcast stating tha Fall of Bataan

A

Capt. Salvador Lopez

126
Q

Who read the radio broadcast stating the Fall of Bataan

A

Lt. Normando Ildefonso

Readings in Philippine History (18 decks)

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