Glycolysis Flashcards
What is the first stage of respiration for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
Glycolysis
What does glycolysis start with
Glucose molecule (6C)
What is glucose molecule converted into through the process of glycolysis
2 (3C) molecules of pyruvate
What happens to pyruvate if oxygen is present and what happens if oxygen isn’t present
If oxygen is present it will go down the aerobic pathway
If oxygen is not present then the pyruvate will go down the anaerobic pathway
What is the first step of glycolysis
2 phosphate molecules are added to glucose monomer to produce hexose bisphosphate
What does the first process of glycolysis do
Phosphorylates the glucose monomer making it more reactive so it can be split more easily
Where do the 2 phosphate molecules come from that are used phosphorylate the glucose molecule
2 ATP molecules are hydrolysed to produce (2 ADP) + (2Pi)
What is hexose bisphosphate split to produce
2 molecules of triose phosphate
What happens to the triose phosphate molecules
Enzymes (dehydrogenase) remove a hydrogen atom from each of the triose phosphate molecules
What is the removal of hydrogen atoms called
Oxidation
Where do these 2 hydrogen atoms go once they are hydrolysed by dehydrogenase
They are each accepted by a molecule of NAD
What do these NAD molecules become once they have accepted a hydrogen atom
Reduced
After the 2 triose phosphate molecules have had their hydrogen atoms removed what happens
They each have their phosphate molecules removed, which are used to produce 2 ATP molecules each so 4 ATP molecules are produced altogether
What is produced as a result of the removal of phosphate from the 2 triose phosphate molecules
2 molecules of pyruvate
What are the final products of glycolysis
- 2 pyruvate molecules
- 2 reduced NAD molecules
- Net of 2 ATP molecules
