GIT, Toxicology Flashcards
Neutralizes stomach acid by reacting with protons in the lumen of the gut
Magnesium-Aluminum hydroxide
Competitive H2 receptor blocker
Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine
Highly effective in suppressing nocturnal acid
H2 receptor blockers
H2 blocker that can cause gynecomastia
Cimetidine
Omeprazole causes irreversible blockade of ______ in active gastric parietal cells
H K ATPase
Drug of choice for peptic ulcer disease
Omeprazole
Mucosal protective agent that binds to injured tussue and forms a protective covering over ulcer beds
Sucralfate
Mucosal protective agent that activates EP receptors that causes HCO3 and mucus secretion in stomach
Also causes uterine contraction
Misoprostol
Mucosal protective agent that forms a protective coating on ulcerated tissue, stimulates mucosal protective mechanisms
Black stools, darkening of tongue
Bismuth salicylate
Prokinetic agent that blocks D2 receptors that increases intestinal motility and gastric emptying
DOC for DM gastroparesis
Antiemetic
Metoclopramide
Bulk forming laxative
Forms indigestible hydrophilic colloids that absorb water which promotes peristalsis
Psyllium
Methylcellulose
Polycarbophil
Stool softening laxative that permits water and lipids to penetrate
Can cause malabsorption of ADEK
Docusate
Mineral oil
Glycerin suppository
Osmotic laxative that has solube but nonabsorbable compounds, increasing fecal fluid
Can cause electrolyte abnormality
Lactulose Polyethylene glycol Mg Oxide Sorbitol Mg citrate Na phosphate
Stimulant/cathartic laxative that directly stimulates enteric nervous system
Can cause melanosis coli
Bisacodyl Senna Aloe Castor oil Cascara
Anti diarrheal that activates opioid receptors in enteric nervous system
Can cause paralytic ileus
Diphenoxylate
Loperamide
Colloidal bismuth
Kaolin + pectin
Paralytic ileus can be reversed by giving
Betanechol
Antiemetic that blocks the chemoreceptor trigger zone and 5 HT3 receptors
Ondansetron Granisetran Dolasetron Palonosetron Alosteron
Immumodulator used for IBD
Not useful for acute flare ups
(5-ASA) Mesalamine Balsalazide Olsalazine Sulfasadine
Organophosphate poisoning
DUMBBELSS
Diarrhea Urination Miosis Bronchospasm Bradycardia Excitation (CNS, skeletal ms) Lacrimation Sweating Salivation
Most common cause of death in organophosphate poisoning
Respiratory failure
Treatment for organophosphate poisoning
Atropine
Pralidoxime
Long term exposure to this herbicide can cause NH lymphoma
Chlorophenoxy acid
Most widely used herbicide in the world
Glyphosate
Lead poisoning treatment
Oral succimer- OPD
EDTA with or without dimercaprol
