GIT, Toxicology

Question 1

Neutralizes stomach acid by reacting with protons in the lumen of the gut

Answer 1

Magnesium-Aluminum hydroxide

Question 2

Competitive H2 receptor blocker

Answer 2

Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine

Question 3

Highly effective in suppressing nocturnal acid

Answer 3

H2 receptor blockers

Question 4

H2 blocker that can cause gynecomastia

Answer 4

Cimetidine

Question 5

Omeprazole causes irreversible blockade of ______ in active gastric parietal cells

Answer 5

H K ATPase

Question 6

Drug of choice for peptic ulcer disease

Answer 6

Omeprazole

Question 7

Mucosal protective agent that binds to injured tussue and forms a protective covering over ulcer beds

Answer 7

Sucralfate

Question 8

Mucosal protective agent that activates EP receptors that causes HCO3 and mucus secretion in stomach

Also causes uterine contraction

Answer 8

Misoprostol

Question 9

Mucosal protective agent that forms a protective coating on ulcerated tissue, stimulates mucosal protective mechanisms

Black stools, darkening of tongue

Answer 9

Bismuth salicylate

Question 10

Prokinetic agent that blocks D2 receptors that increases intestinal motility and gastric emptying

DOC for DM gastroparesis
Antiemetic

Answer 10

Metoclopramide

Question 11

Bulk forming laxative

Forms indigestible hydrophilic colloids that absorb water which promotes peristalsis

Answer 11

Psyllium
Methylcellulose
Polycarbophil

Question 12

Stool softening laxative that permits water and lipids to penetrate

Can cause malabsorption of ADEK

Answer 12

Docusate
Mineral oil
Glycerin suppository

Question 13

Osmotic laxative that has solube but nonabsorbable compounds, increasing fecal fluid

Can cause electrolyte abnormality

Answer 13

Lactulose
Polyethylene glycol
Mg Oxide
Sorbitol
Mg citrate 
Na phosphate

Question 14

Stimulant/cathartic laxative that directly stimulates enteric nervous system

Can cause melanosis coli

Answer 14

Bisacodyl
Senna
Aloe
Castor oil
Cascara

Question 15

Anti diarrheal that activates opioid receptors in enteric nervous system

Can cause paralytic ileus

Answer 15

Diphenoxylate
Loperamide
Colloidal bismuth
Kaolin + pectin

Question 16

Paralytic ileus can be reversed by giving

Answer 16

Betanechol

Question 17

Antiemetic that blocks the chemoreceptor trigger zone and 5 HT3 receptors

Answer 17

Ondansetron
Granisetran
Dolasetron
Palonosetron
Alosteron

Question 18

Immumodulator used for IBD

Not useful for acute flare ups

Answer 18

(5-ASA)
Mesalamine
Balsalazide
Olsalazine
Sulfasadine

Question 19

Organophosphate poisoning

DUMBBELSS

Answer 19

Diarrhea 
Urination
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia 
Excitation (CNS, skeletal ms)
Lacrimation
Sweating
Salivation

Question 20

Most common cause of death in organophosphate poisoning

Answer 20

Respiratory failure

Question 21

Treatment for organophosphate poisoning

Answer 21

Atropine

Pralidoxime

Question 22

Long term exposure to this herbicide can cause NH lymphoma

Answer 22

Chlorophenoxy acid

Question 23

Most widely used herbicide in the world

Answer 23

Glyphosate

Question 24

Lead poisoning treatment

Answer 24

Oral succimer- OPD

EDTA with or without dimercaprol

Question 25

Treatment for arsenic poisoning

Answer 25

Dimercaprol

Question 26

Treatment for ACUTE INORGANIC mercury poisoning

Answer 26

Dimeraprol or oral succimer

Question 27

Treatment for CHRONIC INORGANIC mercury poisoning

Answer 27

Succimer and Unithiol

Do not give dimercaprol- may redistribute mercury to the CNS

Question 28

Treatment for Iron poisoning

Answer 28

Deferoxamine

Question 29

Treatment for copper poisoning and Wilson’s disease

Answer 29

Penicillamine

Question 30

Treatment for severe chronic lead poisoning

Answer 30

EDTA

Question 31

Antidote for opioids

Answer 31

Naloxone

Question 32

Treatment for benzodiazepine overdose

Answer 32

Flumazenil