Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharma > Antibiotics, Fungal, Protozoal, Helminths > Flashcards

Antibiotics, Fungal, Protozoal, Helminths Flashcards

1
Q

Lowest concentration of antimicrobial drug capable of inhibiting growth of an organism

A

Minimum inhibitory concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Beta lactam antibiotics bind to penicillin binding proteins in the cytoplasmic membrane and inhibits what type of reaction?

A

Transpeptidation reaction

Cross linking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What bacteria induces penicillin resistance by enzymatic hydrolysis of beta lactam ring by formation of beta lactamases?

A

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What bacteria induces penicillin resistance by structural change in the target PBP?

A

MRSA
Pneumococci
Enterococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What bacteria induces penicillin resistance by changing porin structures in the outer cell wall?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ampicillin may be used in infections due to

HELPS Me

A 
H influenzae
E coli, enterococci
Listeria
Proteus
Salmonella 
Moraxella
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of penicillin is resistant to inactivation by beta lactamases?

A

Isoxazolyl penicillin

Anti -staphylococcal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ampicillin has synergystic effect when given with

A

Aminoglycosides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antipseudomonal penicillins

A

Takes Care of Pseudomonas
Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
Piperacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Beta lactamase resistant antibiotics

A

Isoxazolyl penicillin
4th gen cephalosporins
Monobactams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Covered by first generation cephalosporins

A

PEcKs first

Proteus
E coli
Klebsiella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2nd generation cephalosporins have added coverage for infections due to

A

HEN
Haemophilus
Enterobacter
Neisseria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cephalosporin that can cause disulfiram reaction

A

2nd- cefotetan, cefamandole

3rd- cefoperazone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Inhibits renal metabolism of imipinem by dihydropeptidase

A

Cilastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Monobactam that has no activity against gram positive bacteria
Resistant to beta lactamase

A

Aztreonam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Suicide inhibitors

A

Clavulanic acid
Sulbactam
Tazobactam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Drugs of Last resort

A 
I AM your Last Shot at Victory
Imipinem
Amikacin
Meropenem
Linezolid
Streptogramins
Vanco
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to D-ala D- ala terminus of nascent peptidoglycan

A

Vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Can cause red man syndrome

A

Vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Used for pseudomembranous colitis

A

Vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Used for uncomplicated UTI, safe for pregnant patients

Inactivates UDP N acetylglucosamine 3 enol pyruvyltransferase

A

Fosfomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Bacteriostatic drug that inhibits transpeptidation at 50s subunit

For meningitis
Can cause aplastic anemia
Gray baby syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Most potent tetracycline

A

Minocycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tetracycline that has broadest spectrum and least resistance

A

Tigecycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
``` Antibiotic for Mycoplasma Chlamydia Rickettsia Vibrio ```
Tetracyclines
26
Bacteriostatic, binds to 50s subunit Hepatotoxic Can be used for CAP, diphtheria, chlamydia
Macrolides
27
All macrolides inhibit CYP450 except
Azithromycin
28
Macrolide used for macrolide resistance
Telithromycin
29
Antibiotic for anaerobic infections above the diaphragm
Clindamycin
30
Antibiotic for anaerobic infections below the diaphragm
Metronidazole
31
Narrowest therapeutic window among aminoglycosides
Amikacin
32
Most vestibulotoxic and nephrotoxic aminoglycosides
Tobramycin | Gentamycin
33
Aminoglycoside used for bowel prep, hepatic enceph, skin infections
Neomycin(topical) Kanamycin Paromomycin
34
Most ototoxic aminoglycoside
Kamamycin
35
Aminoglycoside for drug resistant gonorrhea
Spectinomycin
36
Sulfonamide that inhibits dihydropteroate synthase and used for burn infection
Silver sulfadiazine
37
Co-trimoxazole inhibits these enzymes
Dihydropteroate synthase | Dihydrofolate reductase
38
This class of antibiotics may damage growing cartilage and cause arthropathy in people <18 years old
Quinolones
39
Fluoroquinolone used for UTI, GIT infections, atypical pneumonia Can cause tendonitis and tendon rupture
Ciprofloxacin
40
Widest spectrum of activity among fluoroquinolones
4th gen Trovafloxacin Alatrofloxacin
41
Prevent neurotoxicity of Isoniazid by administering with
Pyridoxine
42
Most hepatotoxic anti TB drug
Pyrazinamide
43
Sterilizing anti TB drug
Pyrazinamide
44
Anti TB drug that can cause hyperuricemia
Pyrazinamide
45
Ethambutol can cause this type of color blindness
Red green color
46
Antimycobacterial that inhibits folic acid synthesis
Dapsone
47
Most active drug against M.leprae
Dapsone
48
Drug for leprosy that can cause red orange skin
Clofazimine
49
Antifungal that binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membrane, forming artificial pores For systemic fungal infections Nephrotoxic
Amphotericin B
50
Antifungal that inhibits thymidilate synthase Used for cryptococcosis, systemic candidal infections Has selective toxicity Synergistic with amphotericin
Flucytosine
51
Antifungal that blocks ergosterol synthesis For chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, dermatophytosis Can cause gynecomastia, limited to topical use
Ketoconazole
52
Azole antifungal that has good CNS penetrability
Fluconazole
53
Azole antifungal that is used for blastomycosis, sporothricosis, dermatophytosis More selective for fungal cells than ketoconazole
Itraconazole
54
Echinocandin antifungal that inhibits beta glucan synthase Used for disseminated and mucocutaneous candidaliasis Salvage therapy for invasive aspergillosis
Caspofungin
55
Systemic antifungal for dermatophytosis Accumulates in keratin Contraindicated in porphyria
Griseofulvin
56
Squalene oxidase inhibitor antifungal for dermatophytosis and onychomycosis Accumulates in keratin
Terbinafine
57
Polyene topical antifungal for candidiasis Swish and swallow preparation
Nystatin
58
Azole topical antifungal for mucocutaneous candidiasis Seborrheic dermatitis Pityriasis versicolor
Clotrimazole
59
Anti viral used for herpes
Acyclovir
60
Acyclovir works if activated by the viral _______ ________
Thymidine kinase
61
Antiviral for CMV
Ganciclovir
62
Antiviral that is active against HSV strains with absent thymidine kinase activity
Cifodovir | Foscarnet
63
NRTI used to prevent maternal-fetal HIV transmission
``` Zidovudine Lamivudine Abacavir Didanosine Emtricitabine Tenofovir ```
64
Non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
DENR Delavirdine Efavirenz Nevirapin
65
Protease inhibitor that inhibits viral protein processing Can cause hyperlipidemia Fat redistribution Acanthosis nigricans Hyperglycemia
Indinavir and family of -navir
66
Antiviral for influenza A Virtually obsolete Also used for Parkinsonism
Amantadine
67
Oseltamivir inhibits this enzyme
Neuraminidase
68
Hepa B antiviral that inhibits HBV DNA polymerase
Lamivudine
69
Coinfection of HBV and HIV may increase the risk of this disease with lamivudine use
Pancreatitis
70
Antimalarial used for chemoprophylaxis
Mefloquine
71
Anti malarial that eradicates hypnozoites in the liver preventing relapse
Primaquine
72
Antimalarial that can cause cinchonim
Quinine
73
Antimalarial for chloroquine resistance and severe falciparum malaria Cardiotoxicity
Halofantrine | Lumefantrine
74
DOC in Philippines for uncomplicated falciparum malaria
Co-Artem
75
Drug of choice for asymptomatic cyst carrier for E. histolytica
Diloxanide Furoate
76
Backup drug for severe intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis
Emetine
77
Drug of choice for cryptosporidiosis
Nitazoxanide
78
Drug of choice for toxoplasmosis
Pyrimethamine-Sulfadiazine
79
Drug of choice for African sleeping sickness
Melarsoprol
80
Drug of choice for advanced West African sleeping sickness
Eflornithine
81
Drug of choice for Chagas disease
Nifurtimox
82
Nifurtimox inhibits this enzyme
Trypanothione reductase
83
Drug of choice for Leishmaniasis
Sodium stibogluconate Meglumine antimonate Amphotericin Miltefosine
84
Antihelmintic that inhibits microtubule assembly Larvicidal and ovicidal Drug of choice for ascariasis
Albendazole
85
Ovicidal antihelminthic | Drug of choice for trichuris trichiura (whipworm)
Mebendazole
86
Ovicidal antihelmintic | Drug of choice for trichinosis
Thiabendazole
87
Drug of choice for filiariasis
Diethlycarbamazine
88
Antihelminthic thay intensifies GABA mediated neurotransmission in nematodes Drug of choice for strongyloides
Ivermectin
89
Can cause Mazzotii reaction
DEC | Ivermectin
90
Drug of choice for pinworm and hookworm Stimulates nicotinic receptors at NMJ of nematodes
Pyrantel pamoate
91
Antihelminthic that increases membrane permeability to calcium that causes paralysis Drug of choice for trematodes and cestodes
Praziquantel

Pharma (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions