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Pharma > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Somatostatin analog used for acromegaly, pituitary adenoma, and variceal bleeding

A

Octreotide

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2
Q

GnRH analog for ovarian suppression, endometriosis, myoma uteri

Can cause temporary exacerbation of precocious puberty or prostate CA

A

Leuprolide

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3
Q

GnRH antagonist to prevent premature LH surge during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation

A

Ganirelix

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4
Q

Dopamine agonist used for hyperprolactinemia

A

Bromocriptine

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5
Q

ADH antagonist used for SIADH

A

Conivaptan

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6
Q

Levothyroxine’s effect for hypothyroidism can be seen how many weeks after therapy?

A

6-8 weeks

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7
Q

Medical emergency representing the end state of untreated hypothyroidism

A

Myxedema coma

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8
Q

Inhibits peripheral conversion of T4-T3

A

PTU

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9
Q

Drug of choice for hyperthyroid pregnant patients

A

PTU

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10
Q

Thioamide that blocks iodine organification

A

Methimazole

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11
Q

Prenatal exposure to methimazole can cause

A

Aplasia cutis congenita

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12
Q

Symptoms preceding agranulocytosis

A

Sore throat

Fever

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13
Q

Prevents radiation induced thyroid damage

A

Potassium iodide

Lugol’s solution

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14
Q

Ingestion of iodine causes hypothyroidism

A

Wolf Chaikoff effect

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15
Q

Ingestion of iodine causes hyperthyroidism

A

Jod Basedow phenomenon

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16
Q

Beta blocker that inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

A

Propranolol

17
Q

Anti arrhythmic that can cause thyroid disease

A

Amiodarone

18
Q

Mineralocorticoid used for addison disease, CAH and adrenal replacement therapy

A

Fludrocortisone

Deoxycorticosterone

19
Q

Glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor that inhibits desmolase blocking conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone

Used for breast cancer and cushing syndrome
Abused by body builders

A

Aminoglutethimide

20
Q

Glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor and an azole antifungal

A

Ketoconazole

21
Q

Drug of choice for pregnant patients with Cushing

A

Metyrapone

22
Q

Synthetic estrogen used for atrophic vaginitis

Can have clear cell vaginal adenocarcinoma in daughters of mothers who took this drug

A

Diethylstilbestrol

23
Q

Activates progesterone receptors

For HRT and contraception
Prevents estrogen induced endometrial cancer

A

Norgestrel

24
Q

Progestin used as appetite stimulant

A

Megestrol

25
Q

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that is used for hormone sensitive breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

26
Q

Tamoxifen reduces the risk for what type of cancer?

A

Endometrial

27
Q

SERM that has estrogen agonist effects in liver and bone

Used in osteoporosis

A

Raloxifene

28
Q

SERM used for induction of ovulation

Can cause multiple pregnancy

A

Clomiphene

29
Q

Estrogen synthesis inhibitor by inhibiting aromatase

Used for breast cancer and precocious puberty

A

Anastrozole
Letrozole
Exemestane

30
Q

Ovarian inhibitor, partial agonist of progestin and androgen receptors

Used for endometriosis, fibrocystic disease

Can cause weight gain, acne, hirsutism

A

Danazol

31
Q

Androgen antagonist for prostate cancer and surgical castration

A

Flutamide
Bicalutamide
Nilutamide

32
Q

Early morning hyperglycemia:
When the evening dose of intermediate insulin is high, hypoglycemia develops around 3am

Counter regulatory hormones are produced resulting to hyperglycemia pre breakfast

A

Somogyi effect

33
Q

Treatment for somogyi effect

A

Decrease dose of evening insulin

34
Q

Early morning hyperglycemia:

When the evening dose of intermediate insulin is low, hyperglycemia both at 3am and 7am

A

Insulin waning

35
Q

Treatment for waning of insulin dose

A

Increase dose of evening insulin

36
Q

Early morning hyperglycemia:
Insulin sensitivity becomes low between 6 and 7 am due to growth hormone spike
Mild hypoglycemia in the morning but 3am glucose is normal

A

Dawn phenomenon

37
Q

Most physiologic strategy in insulin therapy

A

Basal bolus

38
Q

Secretion of PTH is dependent on the concentration of this ion in the blood

A

Free ionized calcium

Pharma (15 decks)

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