GI Flashcards
H2 blockers. decrease H+ secretion by parietal cells. treat peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux.
cimetidine (P450 inhibitor), ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine
PPI. irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in parietal cells. treat: peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophageal reflux, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. SE: C. diff.
Omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, dexlansoprazole
Bind to ulcer base, provide physical protection, and allow HCO3- secretion to re-establish pH gradient in mucous layer. treat: ulcer healing, and travelers’ diarrhea.
Bismuth, sucralfate
PGE1 analogue. increase production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier. prevent NSAID induced peptic ulcer. maintenance of PDA, induce labor. SE: abortifacient
Misoprostol
Long acting somatostatin analog. treat variceal bleed, acromegaly, VIPoma, and carcinoid tumor
octreotide
antacids. can affect absorption, bioavailability or urinary excretion of other drugs. increase gastric PH. SE: hypokalemia
Aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide
osmotic laxatives. provide osmotic load to draw water into intestinal lumen. treat constipation
Magnesium hydroxide, magnesium citrate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), lactulose (also treat hepatic encephalopathy)
mAB to TNF-alpha. treat Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis. SE: infection (latent TB)
Infliximab
combo of sulfapyridine (antibiotic) and 5-aminosalicylic acid (anti-inflammatory). treat: Crohn’s and UC
Sulfasalazine
5-HT3 antagonist. decrease vagal stimulation. powerful central anti-emetic. control post=op vomiting and in cancer chemo patients. SE: headache, constipation
Ondansetron
D2 receptor antagonist. increase GI motility. does not influence colonic transport time. treat: diabetic and post-op gastroparesis. anti-emetic. SE: parkinsonian effects.
Metoclopramide
