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WSET Level 4 - D3 > Germany - Wine Regions > Flashcards

Germany - Wine Regions Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four regions with the highest production? How much is it?

A
  • Rheinhessen
  • Pfalz
  • Baden
  • Württemberg
  • 80% of production
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2
Q

Rheinhessen
Describe the climate. What type is it ideal for?

A
  • Warm and dry region, sheltered by mountain ranges (Hunsrück, Taunus)
  • Majority on warm, fertile valley floors, ideal for high volume, inexpensive wines
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3
Q

Rheinhessen
What are the white and black grapes and what is their planting ratio?

A
  • White (70%)
  • Riesling (most planted)
  • Müller-Thurgau
  • Silvaner
  • Grauburgunder
  • Weissburgunder
  • Black (30%)
  • Dornfelder
  • Spätburgunder
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4
Q

Rheinhessen
What percentage of German vineyard does it cover?

A

25%

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5
Q

Rheinhessen
What is the focus of production?

A

High volume production by merchant houses dominates

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6
Q

Rheinhessen
Name two significant producers

A
  • Weingut Gunderloch
  • Weingut Keller
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7
Q

Rheinhessen
Name the two best areas

A
  • Rheinterrasse
  • Wonnegau
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8
Q

Rheinhessen
Describe the area “Rheinterrasse”

A
  • Steeply-sloping, east-facing -> warming sun in the morning
  • Rhein moderates temperatures and extends ripening period
  • Best site: “Roter Hang” with iron-rich red soil (slate, clay, sandstone) -> Riesling shows smoky characteristics
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9
Q

Rheinhessen
What are the two important grapes in “Wonnegau”?

A

Riesling and Spätburgunder

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10
Q

Pfalz
Describe the climate

A
  • Not centered along a river valley
  • Driest region in Germany (potentially drought)
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11
Q

Pfalz
What are the white and black grapes and what is their planting ratio?

A
  • White (65%)
  • Riesling (most planted)
  • Müller-Thurgau
  • Grauburgunder
  • Weissburgunder
  • Black (35%)
  • Dornfelder
  • Spätburgunder
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12
Q

Pfalz
Describe the soil

A

Wide variety of soils including limestone sandstone basalt and clay

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13
Q

Pfalz
Name the two best areas

A
  • Mittelhaardt (in the north around Bad Dürkheim, Wachenheim, Forst, Deidesheim, and Ruppertsberg)
  • Südliche Weinstrasse (in the south)
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14
Q

Pfalz
Describe the area “Mittelhaardt”

A

South- or east-facing steeply sloping vineyards -> max sunshine and protection from winds

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15
Q

Pfalz
What is the “Südliche Weinstrasse” known for and what is a recent trend?

A
  • Traditionally inexpensive wine production
  • Increased quality in recent years, especialls from Spätburgunder, Grauburgunder and Weißburgunder
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16
Q

Pfalz
Who dominates high volume and who quality wine production?

A
  • High volume dominated by merchant houses
  • Quality wine mostly produced by small estates and co-operatives
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17
Q

Pfalz
Name two significant producers

A
  • Dr. Bürklin-Wolf (small estate)
  • Winzerverein Deidesheim (co-operative)
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18
Q

Baden
Where is it located and from where to where does it spread?

A
  • Eastern side of the Rhine (opposite Alsace)
  • Multiple distinct areas (Bereiche)
  • Spreads from north of Heidelberg to the Swiss border in the south with some vineyards wound the east of the Bodensee
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19
Q

Baden
Describe the climate

A
  • Benefits from the rain shadow of the Vosges
  • Warmest, sunniest, and driest region in Germany
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20
Q

Baden
What are the white and black grapes and what is their planting ratio?

A
  • White (60%)
  • Müller-Thurgau (high-volume, inexpensive blends)
  • Grauburgunder (very good, often oak)
  • Weissburgunder (very good, often oak)
  • Chardonnay (very good, often oak)
  • Black (40%)
  • Spätburgunder (often oak)
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21
Q

Baden
Name the two best areas

A
  • Kaiserstuhl (extinct volcano)
  • Ortenau, Tuniberg, Breisgau (cooler)
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22
Q

Baden
Describe the area Kaiserstuhl and the respective style of wine

A
  • Extinct volcano
  • Steep, south-facing slopes
  • Fullest-bodied wines with high alcohol and complex, smoky flavors
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23
Q

Baden
Describe the soil and winetype of the areas Ortenau, Tuniberg, and Breisgau

A

Calcareous soil, so wines have more acidity and delicate fruit flavors

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24
Q

Baden
What share of production is from co-operatives? And name one example

A
  • 75% of production from co-operatives
  • e.g., Badischer Winzerkeller
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25
Q

Baden
Name a high-quality small estate

A

Bernhard Huber

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26
Q

Württemberg
What are the white and black grapes and what is their planting ratio?

A
  • Black (70%)
  • Trollinger
  • Lemberger
  • Schwarzriesling
  • White (30%)
  • Riesling
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27
Q

Württemberg
Describe the two styles of red wines produced

A
  • Mainly light, fruity red wines with the majority from the co-operative Möglingen
  • Sometimes fuller-bodied Lemberger with riper flavors, higher alcohol, and oak usage
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28
Q

Württemberg
Name the best area, the quality of the wines and the topography

A
  • River Neckar
  • Very good quality wines
  • Steep, terraced vineyards
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29
Q

Württemberg
Name two significant producers

A
  • Reiner Schnaitmann
  • Württembergische Weingärtner (co-operative)
30
Q

Mosel
Why are Rieslings from the Mosel so expensive?

A
  • Steep sites are very labor expensive
  • Low yields required to make very sweet wines
31
Q

Mosel
Where are the best vineyards located and why?

A
  • Best vineyards on steep, south-facing slopes
  • Sun exposure and sunshine reflection from the river
32
Q

Mosel
What is the main soil type and how does it help with grape growing?

A

Dark-colored slate that radiates heat

33
Q

Mosel
How much of grapes planted is white and how much Riesling?

A
  • 90% white
  • 60% Riesling
34
Q

Mosel
What is the typical style? (color, body, alcohol, acidity, aromas, ageing)

A
  • Paler color
  • Lighter body
  • Lower alcohol
  • Higher acidity
  • Pronounced floral and green fruit aromas
  • Long ageing potential
35
Q

Mosel
What is the reputation of the region?

A
  • Strong reputation for producing sweet wines (dry production increases)
  • Almost always cold enough to produce Eiswein
36
Q

Mosel
In what three parts is it split and what is the best part?

A
  • Upper Mosel
  • Middle Mosel (largest and best)
  • Lower Mosel
37
Q

Mosel
Name the 7 important towns incl. their most famous vineyards

A
  • Bernkastel (Doctor)
  • Brauneberg (Juffer, Juffer-Sonnenuhr)
  • Erden (Treppchen, Prälat)
  • Graach (Himmelreich, Domprobst)
  • Piesport (Goldtröpfchen)
  • Ürzig (Würzgarten)
  • Wehlen (Sonnenuhr)
38
Q

Mosel
What are the characteristics of the rivers Saar and Ruwer?

A
  • Slightly higher altitude
  • Even lower temperatures
  • Higher acidity
39
Q

Mosel
What is the most famous vineyard in Saar?

A

Scharzhofberg

40
Q

Mosel
How much of the production comes from the Moselland co-operative?

A

20%

41
Q

Mosel
Name two significant producers

A
  • Egon Müller
  • Markus Molitor
42
Q

Mosel
Name a major wine company

A

F.W. Langguth (brands: Erben and Blue Nun)

43
Q

Franken
Describe the climate

A

Most continental climate -> spring frost can be a problem

44
Q

Franken
Along which river are the vineyards spread?

A

W-shaped course along the south-facing slopes of the Main

45
Q

Franken
What are the white and black grapes and what is their planting ratio?

A
  • White (80%)
  • Müller-Thurgau
  • Riesling
  • Silvaner
  • Black (20%)
  • Spätburgunder
46
Q

Franken
What is the budding/ripening time of Silvaner?

A

Early-budding, early-ripening -> full ripeness before autumn

47
Q

Franken
Where is Silvaner planted?

A

South- and south-east facing slopes on chalk soil

48
Q

Franken
Describe the style of higher quality Silvaner (sweetness, body, aromas, quality)

A
  • Dry
  • Full body
  • Floral and wet stones
  • Some of the region’s best and most distinct wines
49
Q

Franken
Name two significant producers

A
  • Weingut Rudolf Fürst
  • Horst Sauer
50
Q

Franken
Name two charitable institutions

A
  • Bürgerspital
  • Juliusspital
51
Q

Nahe
What protects the area and what is its influence?

A
  • Protected by Hunsrück mountains
  • Mild temperatures
  • Low rainfall
52
Q

Nahe
What are the white and black grapes and what is their planting ratio?

A
  • White (75%)
  • Riesling
  • Müller-Thurgau
  • Grau-/Weissburgunder
  • Black (25%)
  • Dornfelder
  • Spätburgunder
53
Q

Nahe
How is the style of Riesling compared to Mosel and Rheingau/Rheinhessen?

A
  • Slightly lower acidity and riper fruit
  • Body: more than Mosel, but less than Rheingau and Rheinhessen
54
Q

Nahe
Where are the best vineyards located?

A

In the east of the region on south-facing banks of the Nahe between Schlossböckelheim and Bad Kreuznach

55
Q

Nahe
Name two significant producers

A
  • Weingut Dönnhof
  • Emrich Schönleber
56
Q

Nahe
What temperatures and soils are in the best vineyards?

A
  • Warmest conditions and moderating influences
  • Soils are a mixture of slate and sandstone
57
Q

Rheingau
What is the focus of this region?

A

Focus on quality with smaller yields

58
Q

Rheingau
What style of wine is the region famous for?

A

Some of the highest quality Rieslings that are most ageworthy and fuller-bodied

59
Q

Rheingau
Describe the climate (protection and moderating influence)

A
  • Protected from cold, northerly winds by Taunus mountains
  • Moderating influence from the Rhein (1km wide)
  • Rhein increases humidity which is good for botrytis
60
Q

Rheingau
What are the white and black grapes and what is their planting ratio?

A
  • White (85%)
  • Riesling
  • Black (15%)
  • Spätburgunder
61
Q

Rheingau
How much is planted to Riesling and in what style is it mostly made?

A
  • 80%
  • Dry
62
Q

Rheingau
What is the best site for Spätburgunder of very good to outstanding quality?

A

Steep south-west facing Höllenberg vineyard around Assmannshausen

63
Q

Rheingau
What are the soils (east/west)

A
  • East: Sand, loam, and loess
  • West: Sandstone and slate
64
Q

Rheingau
Around what cities are the best vineyards located? What is their characteristic?

A
  • Rüdesheim, Geisenheim, Johannisberg, Hattenheim, and Erbach
  • Steep slopes with best sites on mid-slopes
65
Q

Rheingau
What type of business dominates production?

A

Estates

66
Q

Rheingau
Name three estates

A
  • Schloss Johannisberg
  • Schloss Vollrads
  • Kloster Eberbach (state-owned)
67
Q

Ahr
Describe the climate and location

A
  • Most northerly
  • Sheltered valley with steep, south-facing slopes along the river Ahr
68
Q

Ahr
What soil type dominates?

A

Heat-retaining dark slate and greywacke (dark sandstone)

69
Q

Ahr
What are the white and black grapes and what is their planting ratio?

A

Black (85%), mostly Spätburgunder

70
Q

Ahr
What type of red wine was traditionally produced? What is the style today?

A
  • Traditionally: late harvested and produced with residual sweetness
  • Today: very good Spätburgunder, dry, high tannins, and spice notes from oak ageing
71
Q

Ahr
What type of business dominates production?

A

Co-operatives (75%)

72
Q

Ahr
Name a significant co-operative and small estate

A
  • Mayschoss (co-operative)
  • Jean Stodden

WSET Level 4 - D3 (56 decks)

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