Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

Mouth

Answer 1

also known as the oral or buccal cavity

Question 2

Esophagus

Answer 2

25 cm long 10-30 mm diameter

Peristalsis begins

Question 3

openings of the stomach

Answer 3

cardiac orfice and pyloric orfice

Question 4

regions of the stomach

Answer 4

cardi, fundus, body, pylorus

Question 5

small intestine

Answer 5

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 6

duodenum

Answer 6

25 cm long, starts at pyloric

sphincter of stomach

Question 7

jejunum

Answer 7

3 feet in length

extends to the ileum

Question 8

ileum

Answer 8

distal portion of the small bowel
6 feet in length
joins the large intestine at the ilocecal valve

Question 9

large intestine

Answer 9

cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon,sigmoid colon, rectum/anal cana

Question 10

cecum

Answer 10

small pouch portion of intestine below the junction of the ileum and the colon approximately 2.5 inches in length and 3 inches in diamter

Question 11

ascending colon

Answer 11

ascends on the right of the abdomen

Question 12

hepatic flexure

Answer 12

ascending colon truns abruptly

Question 13

transverse colon

Answer 13

continues across the abdomen

Question 14

splenic flexure

Answer 14

curves beneath the inferior end of the spleen

Question 15

descending colon

Answer 15

passes inferiorly to the level of the iliac crest

Question 16

sigmoid colon

Answer 16

S shaped begins at the left iliac crest and terminates at the rectum

Question 17

rectum/anal canal

Answer 17

the last 8 inches of the iliac tract which lies anterior to the sacrum and coccyx

Question 18

accessory organs

Answer 18

teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas,

Question 19

teeth

Answer 19

aid in the physical breakdown of food

located in the sockets of the alveolar processes

Question 20

tongue

Answer 20

composed of skeletal muscle covered with mucous membrane

forms the floor of the oral cavity

Question 21

salivary glands

Answer 21

parotid gland, submandibular gland, sublingual gland

Question 22

parotid glands

Answer 22

largest of the salivary glands

Question 23

submandibular gland

Answer 23

irregularly shaped glands; extends posteriorly from a point below the first molar also to the angle of the mandible

Question 24

sublingual gland

Answer 24

smallest pair of glands located beneath the sublingual fold

Question 25

liver

Answer 25

largest gland in the body
stores and filters blood
detoxifies harmful compounds
produces bile

Question 26

gall bladder

Answer 26

reservior for bile

Question 27

pancreas (endocrine)

Answer 27

isles of langerhans

produce insulin

Question 28

pancreas (exocirne)

Answer 28

secretes the juices that aid in digestion

helps break down fats, proteins, and carbs

Question 29

ductal systems

Answer 29

right and left hepatic ducts, common hepatic duct, cystic duct, common bile duct, pacreatic duct, ampullar of vater

Question 30

right and left hepatic ducts

Answer 30

merging of bile ducts

Question 31

common hepatic duct

Answer 31

hepatic ducts unite

Question 32

cystic duct

Answer 32

joins the common hepatic duct at the gallbladder

Question 33

common bile duct

Answer 33

common hepatic and cystic ducts

Question 34

pancreatic duct

Answer 34

joins the common bild duct from the liver

Question 35

ampulla of vater

Answer 35

dilated common duct formed by pancreatic and common bile duct (holding cell)