Gastrointestinal System Flashcards
Mouth
also known as the oral or buccal cavity
Esophagus
25 cm long 10-30 mm diameter
Peristalsis begins
openings of the stomach
cardiac orfice and pyloric orfice
regions of the stomach
cardi, fundus, body, pylorus
small intestine
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
duodenum
25 cm long, starts at pyloric
sphincter of stomach
jejunum
3 feet in length
extends to the ileum
ileum
distal portion of the small bowel
6 feet in length
joins the large intestine at the ilocecal valve
large intestine
cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon,sigmoid colon, rectum/anal cana
cecum
small pouch portion of intestine below the junction of the ileum and the colon approximately 2.5 inches in length and 3 inches in diamter
ascending colon
ascends on the right of the abdomen
hepatic flexure
ascending colon truns abruptly
transverse colon
continues across the abdomen
splenic flexure
curves beneath the inferior end of the spleen
descending colon
passes inferiorly to the level of the iliac crest
sigmoid colon
S shaped begins at the left iliac crest and terminates at the rectum
rectum/anal canal
the last 8 inches of the iliac tract which lies anterior to the sacrum and coccyx
accessory organs
teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas,
teeth
aid in the physical breakdown of food
located in the sockets of the alveolar processes
tongue
composed of skeletal muscle covered with mucous membrane
forms the floor of the oral cavity
salivary glands
parotid gland, submandibular gland, sublingual gland
parotid glands
largest of the salivary glands
submandibular gland
irregularly shaped glands; extends posteriorly from a point below the first molar also to the angle of the mandible
sublingual gland
smallest pair of glands located beneath the sublingual fold