Arthrology

Question 0

articular cartilage

Answer 0

covers ends of bones where they articulate and reduce friction caused by movement

Question 1

arthrology

Answer 1

the scientific study of joints

the study or description of joints

Question 2

synovial cavity

Answer 2

fluid filled cavity that surrounds the joint to be freely movable

Question 3

synovial membrane

Answer 3

fibrous, connective tissue that lines the joint cavity and forms the synovial capsule
secretes synovial fluid which lubricates the joint and nourishes the cartilage

Question 4

ligaments

Answer 4

attaches bone to bone

Question 5

tendon

Answer 5

attaches muscles to bone

Question 6

fibrous joints

Answer 6

lack a synovial cavity and the bones are held together by dense irregular connective tissue that is rich in collagen fibers

Question 7

surtures

Answer 7

fibrous joint only found between bones of the skull; functionally classified as synarthrosis (immovable)

Question 8

syndesmoses

Answer 8

fibrous joint in which there is a greater distance between the articulating surfaces and more dense irregular connective tissue than in a suture

Question 9

cartiagious joints

Answer 9

lack a synovial cavity and allows little or no movement

bones connected by cartilage

Question 10

synchrondrosis

Answer 10

cartilaginous joint in which the connecting material is hyaline cartilage
classified as amphiarthoses

Question 11

symphysis

Answer 11

cartilaginous joint in which the ends of the articulating bones are covered with hyaline cartilage but a broad flat disc of fibrocartilage connects the bone

Question 12

synovial joint

Answer 12

joint cavity present; functionally classified as a diarthrotic joint because the synovial cavity allows a joint to be freely moved

Question 13

gliding

Answer 13

simple movement: surfaces move back and fourth and from side to side (intercarpal and intertarsal joints, sternoclavicular joints)

Question 14

hinge joint

Answer 14

produce an angular, opening and closing motion like that of a hinged door. movement is usually extension and flexion (knee and elbow)

Question 15

pivot joint

Answer 15

rounded, pointed or conical surface of one bone articulated within a ring primarily rotation (monaxial because it allows rotation only around its longitudinal axis

Question 16

condyloid (ellipsoid)

Answer 16

oval shaped condyle of one bone first into elliptical cavity of another bone. allows movement around two axes, biaxial (second through fifth digits)

Question 17

saddle

Answer 17

triaxial permitting movement around three axes (flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, and rotation)
thumb

Question 18

ball and socket

Answer 18

consists of a ball-like surface of one bone fitting into a cuplike depression of another bone. they provide the widest range of movement (shoulder and hip)

Question 19

synarthrosis

Answer 19

immovable
occurs between bones that come into close contact with one another
ex. suture between flat bones of cranium

Question 20

amphiarthosis

Answer 20

slightly moveable
surfaces are connected by a broad disc of fibrocartilage ligaments
ex. bodies of vertebrae, symphysis, sacroiliac joint, and lower leg

Question 21

diarthrosis

Answer 21

freely moveable 
joint is held in place by ligaments 
most joints in the skeleton 
more complex structures 
all are synovial joints
end is covered by articular cartilage and surrounded by synovial capsule

Question 22

fibrous joints

Answer 22

lack a joint cavity : articulating bones held very closely together by fibrous connective tissue

Question 23

serrate

Answer 23

margins of bones are serrated like teeth of a saw

Question 24

squamous

Answer 24

margin one bone overlaps that of the adjacent bone