GA1 - Stomach, pancreas and spleen Flashcards
the dilated portion of the digestive tract
stomach
the stomach extends from the ___ to the ____
esophagus
duodenum
stomach’s function is ___ and ___ of food
reception
storage
adults capacity of the stomach is _-_L
2-3
stomach’s function is ___ and ___ digestion
mechanical
chemical
mixing food with gastric juices forming a pasty substance called ____
chyme
the stomach releases ___ into the duodenum
chyme
the stomach is the only organ that secretes ____
HCl
HCl activates ___ enzymes
gastric
the stomach lies under the ___ costal margin into the ___ and ___ regions
left
epigastic
umbilical
the stomach is _-shaped
J
the stomach has _ openings, _ curvatures, _ surfaces and is divided into _ parts
2
2
2
4
the stomach’s 4 parts
fundus
body
pyloric antrum
pylorus
3 attachments to the stomach
greater omentum
lesser omentum
gastrosplenic lig or omentum
2 curvatures of the stomach
lesser
greater
2 surfaces of the stomach
anterior
posterior
2 openings of the stomach
cardiac
pyloric
___ ___ is the landmark to determine the fundus from the body
cardiac notch
___ ____ is the landmark to determine the pylorus from the body
angular incisure
___ _____ regulates the amount of chyme from the stomach to the duodenum
pyloric sphincter
___ ___ is the largest part of the pylorus
pyloric antrum
___ ___ is the smaller inferior part of the pylorus
pyloric canal
if you draw a horizontal line from the cardiac notch you will make the border for the ___
fundus
the stomach has mucous membranes that are thrown into folds called ___
rugae
in general, GI tract has ___ 2 layers of smooth muscle
2: inner circular and outer longitudinal
the stomach has 3 layers of smooth muscle:
inner: oblique
middle: circular
outer: longitudinal
the stomach is completely surrounded by ____
peritoneum
the rugae is for ____ of the stomach, not absorption
expansion
the stomach is bounded anteriorly by 6
anterior abdominal wall left costal margin left pleura and lung diaphragm left lobe of liver
the stomach is bounded posteriorly by 9
lesser sac diaphragm spleen left suprarenal gland upper part of left kidney splenic artery pancreas transverse mesocolon transverse colon
blood supply to the stomach: gastroduodenal a –> R ____ ____ artery
R gastric epiploic artery
R gastroepiploic artery runs along the ___ ___ and anastomoses with the ___ ___ ____
greater curvature
L gastric epiploic
___ ___ from the celiac trunk downward toward the lesser curvature to anastomose with the ___ ___
left gastric
right gastric
__ ___ arteries go to the fundus
short gastric
splenic artery gives off __ ___ ___ branch of the splenic a
L gastric epiploic
veins of the stomach drain into the ___ vein
portal
___ nodes found around the celiac artery
celiac
lymph drainage flow of the stomach
celiac nodes –> intestinal trunk –> cysterna chyli –> thoracic duct –> L brachiocephalic
nerve supply to the stomach is through the ____ plexus
celiac
vagus nerve supplies ___ ___ fibers that are _____ to the gastric glands and ___ to the ___ muscles of the stomach; also contains ___ fibers to the pyloric sphincter; ____ for reflexes
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic secretomotor smooth muscles inhibitory GVA
splanchnic nerves sends motor fibers to the ____ ____ and ___ ___; contains ___-___ nerve fibers; ____ ___ that synapse at ___ ganglia
pyloric sphincter blood vessels pain-transmitting preganglionic sympathetic celiac
___ glands go specific to an area exhibiting a local effect
exocrine
___ gland are secretion carried by blood vessels exhibits a systemic effect
endocrine
the ___ lies mostly posterior to the stomach
pancreas
the pancreas extends across the posterior abdominal wall from the ____ to the ____
duodenum
spleen
the pancreas crosses __ and ___ vertebrae
L1
L2
if there is a disease of the pancreas there will be pain at ___ and ___ vertebrae
L1
L2
the pancreas is ____peritoneal except for the small part of the ____
retro
tail
the pancreas’ tail points toward the ____
spleen
3 parts to the pancreas
head uncinate process neck body tail
the head of the spleen is enclosed by the ___
duodenum
the head has the ____ ___
uncinate process
behind the neck of the spleen is the ___ vein, part of the ___ ___ and the ___ ___ vein and artery
portal
abdominal aorta
superior mesenteric
___ artery runs along the superior portion of the body and tail of the pancreas
splenic
___ vein runs directly posterior to the spleen
splenic
accessory pancreatic duct drains into the ___ duodenal papilla
minimal
main pancreatic duct joins with the ___ ___ duct and drains into the ___ ___ of the duodenum into the ___ duodenal papilla
common bile
2nd portion
major
____ vessels go to the body and tail of the pancreas
splenic
___ ___ ____ artery goes to the head and uncinate process
anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal
lymph vessels of the pancreas follow the __ ___
blood vessels
lymph drainage flow of pancreas
pancreato-splenic nodes –> pyloric nodes
efferent lymph drainage from above
celiac –> hepatic –> superior mesenteric
pancreatic nerve supply: PS from ___ for ___
vagus
secretomotor
pancreatic nerve supply: SP from ___ for ____
thoracic splanchnic
vasomotor
celiac plexus contains both ___ SP and ___ PS fibers
postganglionic
preganglionic
largest single mass of lymphoid tissue in the body
spleen
spleen is ___ in shape and ___ appearance
oval
reddish
spleen lies beneath the ___ ____ region close to the __-__ ribs
left hypochondriac
9-11
if you break the 9-11 ribs you can ___ the spleen
rupture
anterior to the spleen is the
stomach
medial to the spleen is the ___ ___ and __ of ____
left kidney
tail of pancreas
inferior to the spleen is the ___ ___ ___
left colic flexure
posterolateral to the spleen is (4)
diaphragm
left pleura
left lung
ribs 9-11
intraperitoneal =
moveable
retroperitoneal =
fixed
R flexure =
hepatic flexure (under the right lobe of the liver)
the spleen is ___peritoneal
intra
_____ ligament that attaches the spleen to the upper part of the greater curvature of the stomach
gastrosplenic
____ ligament is the ligament from the hilum of the spleen to the left kidney
lienorenal
blood supply to the spleen is the ___ artery
splenic artery and vein
nerve supply to the spleen is the ___ plexus
celiac
the sleep participates in the body’s defense system as a site of ____ proliferation and of immune __ and ___
lymphocyte
surveillance
response
spleen is a ___ ___
blood reservoir
spleen is for the removal of ___ RBCs and ____ ___ platelets
expended
broken down
spleen is for ____
hematopoiesis
lymphatic vessels leave the lymph nodes in the ____ and pass to the ______-_____ lymph nodes
hilum
pancreatico-splenic
nerve supply to the spleen is through the ____ plexus
celiac
GVA fibers to the spleen through the ____ and ___ ____
vagus
greater splanchnic
cell bodies of post gg sympathetic in the ___ ganglia
celiac
pancreatic cancer attacks the ___
head
when there is pressure on the common bile duct -
jaundice
splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
splenectomy
removal of the spleen
if you do not have a spleen you will be predisposed to ____ diseases
exotic
