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T1- Dani's GA1 > GA1 - Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

GA1 - Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

reproductive organs or gonads of the males is the ____

A

testis

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2
Q

testis originate in the ___ ___

A

intermediate mesoderm

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3
Q

testis come from the ____ abdominal wall

A

psoterior

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4
Q

3 layers to the spermatic cord

A

internal spermatic fascia
cremasteric fascia
external spermatic fascia

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5
Q

internal spermatic fascia comes from the ___ ___

A

transversalis fascia

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6
Q

cremasteric fascia comes from ___ ___ ___

A

internal oblique muscle

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7
Q

external spermatic fascia come from the aponeurosis of ___ ____ ____

A

external oblique muscle

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8
Q

contents of the spermatic cord

A 
ductus deferens
testicualar a and v
genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
deferential a and v
cremasteric a
lymphatics and autonomic nerves
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9
Q

nerve plexus of the scrotum

A

pampiniform

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10
Q

scrotum is a ____ pouch

A

cutaneous

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11
Q

scrotum contains ___ and the ___ ___

A

testes

spermatic cords

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12
Q

skin of the scrotum is ___ (___) and covered with ___ hairs

A

rugose (wrinkled)

sparse

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13
Q

the scrotum is divided internally into ___ separate chambers marked externally by the ___ ____

A

two

perineal raphe

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14
Q

5 layers of the scrotum

A 
skin
dartos
colles' fascia
spermatic fascia - cremaster muscle
tunica vaginalis
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15
Q

tunica vaginalis from ___ ___ that lines the ___ ___

A

parietal peritoneum

scrotal cavity

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16
Q

3 arteries that supply the scrotum

A

internal pudendal
external pudendal
cremasteric

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17
Q

internal pudendal a is a branch of the ___ ___

A

internal iliac

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18
Q

external pudendal artery is a branch of the ___

A

femoral

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19
Q

cremasteric artery is a branch of the ___ artery

A

testicular

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20
Q

4 nerves that supply the scrotum

A

ilioinguinal
genital branch of the genitofemoral
perineal nn
Post Femoral Cutaneous nerve

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21
Q

cremasteric reflex

A

stroke inside of leg

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22
Q

elephantiasis

A

protozoal infection

affecting lymphatic vessels obstructing them

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23
Q

varicocele

A

enlarged veins in scrotum

bag of worms

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24
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid accumulation in tunica vaginalis testis

shine light - luminous

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25
Q

hematocele

A

blood accumulation

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26
Q

inguinal hernia

A

finger test
indirect - side of the finger
direct - tip of the finger

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27
Q

testes are ___ oval bodies located in the ____

A

paired

scrotum

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28
Q

testes - ___cm long, __cm wide and __cm thick

A

4-5
3
2

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29
Q

testes are ___ covered by a ___ membrane called the ___ ____

A

partially
serous
tunica vaginalis

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30
Q

internal to the tunica vaginalis, the testis is covered completely by a dense white fibrous capsule called the ____ ___

A

tunica albuginea

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31
Q

function of the testes

A

production of sperm by the seminiferous tubules

secretion of testosterone by the interstitial cells

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32
Q

2 hormones that stimulate the testes

A

LH (ICHS)

FSH

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33
Q

LH stimulates ___ __ to produce ____

A

interstitial cells

testosterone

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34
Q

FSH is from the ___ to stimulate ___

A

pituitary

spermatogenesis

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35
Q

blood supply to the testes through the ___ artery

A

testicular

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36
Q

testicular artery just off the __ __ just before the renal artery

A

abdominal aorta

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37
Q

nerve supply to the testes

A

testicular plexus

T10

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38
Q

cryptorchidism

A 
hidden testes
failure of testes to descent
inject ACG or testosterone
surgery
there would be sterilization bc its too warm in the abdominal cavity
predisposed to testicular cancer
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39
Q

testicular cancer

A

HCG and AFP

testes to not descend

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40
Q

testicular torsion

A

can be moveable
should be a ligament
if ligament is too loose it twists
blood supply can ____

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41
Q

2 muscles keep scrotum toward the body

A

dartos

cremasteric

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42
Q

4 parts to the male reproductive tract

A

epididymis
ductus deferens
ejaculatory ducts
urethra

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43
Q

epididymis is a ___-shaped structure about ___in long curved over the back and upper end of the testes

A

comma

1.5

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44
Q

epididymis is an irregularly ___ tube ___-___ft long when straightened

A

twisted

15-20

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45
Q

functions of the epididymis

A

monitors and adjusts the composition of the tubular fluid
site of sperm maturation
storage of sperm
helps in propelling sperm cells toward the urethra
acts a recycling center for damaged spermatozoa

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46
Q

vas deferens is a thick ___ tube, __in long

A

mucular

18

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47
Q

vas deferens arises from the __ of the epididymis and passes through the ___ ___

A

tail

inguinal canal

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48
Q

vas deferens emerges through the ___ inguinal ring, enters the __ ___, goes towards the __ surface of the urinary bladder

A

deep
pelvic cavity
posterior

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49
Q

vas deferens ends as a dilated portion called the ___, the ___ end of which joins the duct of the ___ vesicle to form the ___ ejaculatory duct

A

ampulla
inferior
seminal
ejaculatory

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50
Q

fxn of the vas deferens

A

convey mature sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

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51
Q

___ ejaculatory duct formed by the union of the ___ ___ and the duct of the ___ vesicle’ about __cm in length

A

two
vas deferens
seminal
2

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52
Q

ejaculatory ducts pierce the ___ surface of the prostate and open into the ____ urethra

A

prostate

prostatic

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53
Q

function of the ejaculatory ducts

A

drains seminal fluid into the prostatic urethra

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54
Q

3 parts of the urethra

A

prostatic
membranous
penile

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55
Q

prostatic urethra is surrounded by ____

A

prostate

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56
Q

when the prostate is enlarged it can cause a ___ of urethra/urinary retention

A

constriction

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57
Q

4 accessory glands

A

seminal vesicles
prostate gland
bulbourethral glands (cowper’s)
urethral glands (glands of littre)

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58
Q

seminal vesicles are two ___ organs about __ in long

A

lobulated

2

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59
Q

semiinal vesicles lie on the ___ surface of the urinary bladder

A

posterior

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60
Q

lateral to the seminal vesicles is the ___ of vas deferens

A

ampulla

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61
Q

function of the seminal vesicles

A

secrete an alkaline, viscous fluid that contains the sugar fructose, prostaglandins, and clotting proteins

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62
Q

alkaline neutralizes the _____ and ____ ___ ___

A

urethra

female genital tract

63
Q

sugar fructose from seminal vesicles is the ___ of the sperm

64
Q

prostaglandins from seminal vesicles stimulate ___ ___ ___

A

female genital tract

65
Q

seminal vesicles secrete ___% of the colume of semen

66
Q

prostate secretes __-__% of seminal fluid

67
Q

prostate is a ____ glandular oran shaped like an inverted ___, ___in long

A

fibromuscular
cone
1.25

68
Q

prostate is about the size of a ___

69
Q

prostate lies between the ___ of the bladder and the ____ diaphragm

A

neck

urogenital

70
Q

superior to the prostate is the ___ of the bladder

71
Q

inferior to the prostate is the ___ ___

A

urogenital diaphragm

72
Q

anterior to the prostate is the ___ ___

A

symphysis pubis

73
Q

posterior to the prostate is the ___ ___

A

rectal ampulla

74
Q

lateral to the prostate is the ___ __

A

levator ani

75
Q

homologue to the vagina is the ____ ___

A

prostatic urticle

76
Q

dilated portion of the prostate ___ ___

A

seminal colliculus

77
Q

prostate produces a ___ slightly __ fluid

A

milky

acidic

78
Q

prostatic fluid contains (4 things)

A

citric acid
acid phosphatase
PSA
proteolytic enzymes

79
Q

proteolytic enzymes of the prostate fxn

A

break down the mucous plug of cervix

80
Q

prostate secretes ___-___% of volume of semen

81
Q

prostate also secretes ____ that has ___ properties

A

seminalplasmin

antibiotic

82
Q

prostate enlarges in size from __ to ___, then stops; starts to grow again until age ___

A

birth to puberty

45

83
Q

blood supply to the prostate by 2 arteries

A

inferior vesicle

middle rectal

84
Q

inferior vesicle artery from ___ ___

A

internal iliac

85
Q

middle rectal artery from ___ ___

A

superior mesenteric

86
Q

venous drainage of the prostate

A

prostatic venous plexus

87
Q

prostatic venous plexus communicates with ___ ___ venous plexus in ___ space

A

internal vertebral

88
Q

nerve supply to the prostate

A

inferior hypogastric plexus

89
Q

benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

A

enlargement

90
Q

alpha adrenergic blockers for BPH can help to ___ smooth muscles

91
Q

finasteride are ___ inhibiters

A

testosterone

92
Q

___ can differentiate between BPH and prostatic cancer

93
Q

when a patient has prostatic cance, ACS recommends ___ examinations of the prostate by _____

A

annual

DRE

94
Q

males over 50, an annual ___ test is recommended

95
Q

prostatitis

A

inflammation of the prostate

96
Q

gonococcal

A

ghonnorhea

prostatitis

97
Q

chlamydia

A

most common cause for STD

prostatitis

98
Q

4 things to prevent prostatic cancer

A

have sex regularly
lie down at the beach
eat marinara sauce
drink red wine

99
Q

___ is in tomatoes

100
Q

skin of red grapes contains ___

A

antioxidants

101
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

102
Q

bulbourethral glands are __ small glands the size of ____ lying beneath the ___ ___ muscle

A

two
peas
sphincter urethrae

103
Q

bulbourethral glands are ducts pierce the ___ membrane to enter the ___ portion of the urethra

A

perineal

penile

104
Q

bulbourethral glands secretions are poured to the urethra as the result of ___ stimulation and prior to ____

A

erotic

ejaculation

105
Q

bulbourethral glands secretion is ___,___,___ mucous that neutralizes the acidity of the ____ and lubricates the __ and ___ of penis

A 
thick
sticky
alkaline
urethra
urethra
tip
106
Q

3 components of the external genitalia

A

scrotum
testes
penis

107
Q

penis is the organ of ___

A

copulation

108
Q

penis is composed of 3 cylindrical masses of ___ tissue bound together by fibrous tissue and covered by skin

109
Q

penis has 2 ___ ___ and 1 ___ ___

A

corpora cavernosa

corpus spongiosum

110
Q

the proximal end of the corpora cavernosa is the ___

111
Q

the proximal end of the corpus spongiosum is the ___ ___ ___

A

bulb of penis

112
Q

distal end of the corpus spongiosum is the ___ ___

A

glans penis

113
Q

penis is supported by the ___ ligament and the ___ ligament

A

fundiform

suspensory

114
Q

root of the penis contains 2 things

A

bulb of the penis

crura of the penis

115
Q

body of the penis contains 3 things

A

corpora cavernosa
corpus spongiosum
buck’s fascia

116
Q

glans penis is the ___-shaped region of the penis

117
Q

prepuce

A

extra skin on the tip of the penis

118
Q

frenulum has __ ___ ___

A

sensory nerve endings

119
Q

prepitual glands within ____

120
Q

smegma

A

secretions of an uncircumcized male accumulation on the inside of foreskin
source of infection

121
Q

circumcision

A

HPV more likely if the male is uncircumcised

glans penis thickens when circumcised

122
Q

homologue of the labia minor in females is the ___

123
Q

3 portions to the raphe

A

penile
scrotal
perineal

124
Q

blood supply to the penis through 2 arteries

A

internal pudendal

external pudendal

125
Q

nerve supply to the penis (3)

A

pudendal nerve
pelvic plexuses
ilioinguinal nerve

126
Q

bulbocavernosus reflex

A

DRE and pinch glans penis cause external anal sphincter

test for S2, S3, S4 levels of spinal cord

127
Q

phimosis

A

hard to retract prepuce

128
Q

paraphimosis

A

frocibly contracted and edema of glans penis

129
Q

balanoposthitis

A

inflammation of penis

130
Q

priapism

A 
prolonged penile errection
side effect of viagra
cocaine use
sickle-cell anemia
have to aspirate the blood
131
Q

peyronie’s disease

A 
affects CT
palmer fibromatosis
affects buck's fascia: crooked penis
remove fibroma
it can reccur
132
Q

jypospadias

A

urethral meatus ont he underside of penis

c

133
Q

chordee

A

exaggerated curve of the peni

134
Q

epispadias

A

urethral meatus found anywhere on top of penis

135
Q

avulsion of the penis

A

severed

yanked out

136
Q

carcinoma of the penis

A

uncommon
almost never encountered in a circumsized male
HPV may also play a role

137
Q

seminal fluid: average amount per ejaculation __-__mL

138
Q

testes and epididymis - secretions constitute less than __% of the seminal fluid volume

139
Q

seminal vesicles - contributions about __%

140
Q

prostate gland - contricute ___% of seminal fluid

141
Q

bulbourethral glands constitute less than __% of seminal fluid

142
Q

male fertility determined by the number of ___ ___, ___, ___ and ____

A

sperm ejaculated
size
shape
motility

143
Q

fertile sperm have uniform ___ and __ and ___ ___

A

size
shape
highly motile

144
Q

if sperm count falls below __ million/mL of semen

145
Q

infertility may be cuased by production of ___ some men make against their own sperm = ____ ____

A

antibodies

immune infertility

146
Q

erection and lubrication is a ____ reflex (S2, S3, S4)

A

parasympathetic

147
Q

emission is a ___ relfex

A

sympathetic

148
Q

ejaculation is a ___ reflex

A

sympathetic

149
Q

viagra mimmics ___ ___

A

nitric oxide

150
Q

male climateric is homologous to ___

151
Q

circulating testosterone levels begin to decline between ages ___ and ___ in male climacteric

152
Q

male climacteric: reduction of ___ ___

A

sexual activity

libido/sex drive weakens

153
Q

male climacteric: increased circulating levels of ___ and ___

T1- Dani's GA1 (17 decks)

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