GA1 - Male Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
reproductive organs or gonads of the males is the ____
A
testis
2
Q
testis originate in the ___ ___
A
intermediate mesoderm
3
Q
testis come from the ____ abdominal wall
A
psoterior
4
Q
3 layers to the spermatic cord
A
internal spermatic fascia
cremasteric fascia
external spermatic fascia
5
Q
internal spermatic fascia comes from the ___ ___
A
transversalis fascia
6
Q
cremasteric fascia comes from ___ ___ ___
A
internal oblique muscle
7
Q
external spermatic fascia come from the aponeurosis of ___ ____ ____
A
external oblique muscle
8
Q
contents of the spermatic cord
A
ductus deferens testicualar a and v genital branch of genitofemoral nerve deferential a and v cremasteric a lymphatics and autonomic nerves
9
Q
nerve plexus of the scrotum
A
pampiniform
10
Q
scrotum is a ____ pouch
A
cutaneous
11
Q
scrotum contains ___ and the ___ ___
A
testes
spermatic cords
12
Q
skin of the scrotum is ___ (___) and covered with ___ hairs
A
rugose (wrinkled)
sparse
13
Q
the scrotum is divided internally into ___ separate chambers marked externally by the ___ ____
A
two
perineal raphe
14
Q
5 layers of the scrotum
A
skin dartos colles' fascia spermatic fascia - cremaster muscle tunica vaginalis
15
Q
tunica vaginalis from ___ ___ that lines the ___ ___
A
parietal peritoneum
scrotal cavity
16
Q
3 arteries that supply the scrotum
A
internal pudendal
external pudendal
cremasteric
17
Q
internal pudendal a is a branch of the ___ ___
A
internal iliac
18
Q
external pudendal artery is a branch of the ___
A
femoral
19
Q
cremasteric artery is a branch of the ___ artery
A
testicular
20
Q
4 nerves that supply the scrotum
A
ilioinguinal
genital branch of the genitofemoral
perineal nn
Post Femoral Cutaneous nerve
21
Q
cremasteric reflex
A
stroke inside of leg
22
Q
elephantiasis
A
protozoal infection
affecting lymphatic vessels obstructing them
23
Q
varicocele
A
enlarged veins in scrotum
bag of worms
24
Q
hydrocele
A
fluid accumulation in tunica vaginalis testis
shine light - luminous
25
hematocele
blood accumulation
26
inguinal hernia
finger test
indirect - side of the finger
direct - tip of the finger
27
testes are ___ oval bodies located in the ____
paired
| scrotum
28
testes - ___cm long, __cm wide and __cm thick
4-5
3
2
29
testes are ___ covered by a ___ membrane called the ___ ____
partially
serous
tunica vaginalis
30
internal to the tunica vaginalis, the testis is covered completely by a dense white fibrous capsule called the ____ ___
tunica albuginea
31
function of the testes
production of sperm by the seminiferous tubules
| secretion of testosterone by the interstitial cells
32
2 hormones that stimulate the testes
LH (ICHS)
| FSH
33
LH stimulates ___ __ to produce ____
interstitial cells
| testosterone
34
FSH is from the ___ to stimulate ___
pituitary
| spermatogenesis
35
blood supply to the testes through the ___ artery
testicular
36
testicular artery just off the __ __ just before the renal artery
abdominal aorta
37
nerve supply to the testes
testicular plexus
| T10
38
cryptorchidism
```
hidden testes
failure of testes to descent
inject ACG or testosterone
surgery
there would be sterilization bc its too warm in the abdominal cavity
predisposed to testicular cancer
```
39
testicular cancer
HCG and AFP
| testes to not descend
40
testicular torsion
can be moveable
should be a ligament
if ligament is too loose it twists
blood supply can ____
41
2 muscles keep scrotum toward the body
dartos
| cremasteric
42
4 parts to the male reproductive tract
epididymis
ductus deferens
ejaculatory ducts
urethra
43
epididymis is a ___-shaped structure about ___in long curved over the back and upper end of the testes
comma
| 1.5
44
epididymis is an irregularly ___ tube ___-___ft long when straightened
twisted
| 15-20
45
functions of the epididymis
monitors and adjusts the composition of the tubular fluid
site of sperm maturation
storage of sperm
helps in propelling sperm cells toward the urethra
acts a recycling center for damaged spermatozoa
46
vas deferens is a thick ___ tube, __in long
mucular
| 18
47
vas deferens arises from the __ of the epididymis and passes through the ___ ___
tail
| inguinal canal
48
vas deferens emerges through the ___ inguinal ring, enters the __ ___, goes towards the __ surface of the urinary bladder
deep
pelvic cavity
posterior
49
vas deferens ends as a dilated portion called the ___, the ___ end of which joins the duct of the ___ vesicle to form the ___ ejaculatory duct
ampulla
inferior
seminal
ejaculatory
50
fxn of the vas deferens
convey mature sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
51
___ ejaculatory duct formed by the union of the ___ ___ and the duct of the ___ vesicle' about __cm in length
two
vas deferens
seminal
2
52
ejaculatory ducts pierce the ___ surface of the prostate and open into the ____ urethra
prostate
| prostatic
53
function of the ejaculatory ducts
drains seminal fluid into the prostatic urethra
54
3 parts of the urethra
prostatic
membranous
penile
55
prostatic urethra is surrounded by ____
prostate
56
when the prostate is enlarged it can cause a ___ of urethra/urinary retention
constriction
57
4 accessory glands
seminal vesicles
prostate gland
bulbourethral glands (cowper's)
urethral glands (glands of littre)
58
seminal vesicles are two ___ organs about __ in long
lobulated
| 2
59
semiinal vesicles lie on the ___ surface of the urinary bladder
posterior
60
lateral to the seminal vesicles is the ___ of vas deferens
ampulla
61
function of the seminal vesicles
secrete an alkaline, viscous fluid that contains the sugar fructose, prostaglandins, and clotting proteins
62
alkaline neutralizes the _____ and ____ ___ ___
urethra
| female genital tract
63
sugar fructose from seminal vesicles is the ___ of the sperm
nutrition
64
prostaglandins from seminal vesicles stimulate ___ ___ ___
female genital tract
65
seminal vesicles secrete ___% of the colume of semen
60
66
prostate secretes __-__% of seminal fluid
20-30
67
prostate is a ____ glandular oran shaped like an inverted ___, ___in long
fibromuscular
cone
1.25
68
prostate is about the size of a ___
chestnut
69
prostate lies between the ___ of the bladder and the ____ diaphragm
neck
| urogenital
70
superior to the prostate is the ___ of the bladder
neck
71
inferior to the prostate is the ___ ___
urogenital diaphragm
72
anterior to the prostate is the ___ ___
symphysis pubis
73
posterior to the prostate is the ___ ___
rectal ampulla
74
lateral to the prostate is the ___ __
levator ani
75
homologue to the vagina is the ____ ___
prostatic urticle
76
dilated portion of the prostate ___ ___
seminal colliculus
77
prostate produces a ___ slightly __ fluid
milky
| acidic
78
prostatic fluid contains (4 things)
citric acid
acid phosphatase
PSA
proteolytic enzymes
79
proteolytic enzymes of the prostate fxn
break down the mucous plug of cervix
80
prostate secretes ___-___% of volume of semen
20-30
81
prostate also secretes ____ that has ___ properties
seminalplasmin
| antibiotic
82
prostate enlarges in size from __ to ___, then stops; starts to grow again until age ___
birth to puberty
| 45
83
blood supply to the prostate by 2 arteries
inferior vesicle
| middle rectal
84
inferior vesicle artery from ___ ___
internal iliac
85
middle rectal artery from ___ ___
superior mesenteric
86
venous drainage of the prostate
prostatic venous plexus
87
prostatic venous plexus communicates with ___ ___ venous plexus in ___ space
internal vertebral
88
nerve supply to the prostate
inferior hypogastric plexus
89
benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
enlargement
90
alpha adrenergic blockers for BPH can help to ___ smooth muscles
relax
91
finasteride are ___ inhibiters
testosterone
92
___ can differentiate between BPH and prostatic cancer
DRE
93
when a patient has prostatic cance, ACS recommends ___ examinations of the prostate by _____
annual
| DRE
94
males over 50, an annual ___ test is recommended
PSA
95
prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate
96
gonococcal
ghonnorhea
| prostatitis
97
chlamydia
most common cause for STD
| prostatitis
98
4 things to prevent prostatic cancer
have sex regularly
lie down at the beach
eat marinara sauce
drink red wine
99
___ is in tomatoes
lycopene
100
skin of red grapes contains ___
antioxidants
101
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
102
bulbourethral glands are __ small glands the size of ____ lying beneath the ___ ___ muscle
two
peas
sphincter urethrae
103
bulbourethral glands are ducts pierce the ___ membrane to enter the ___ portion of the urethra
perineal
| penile
104
bulbourethral glands secretions are poured to the urethra as the result of ___ stimulation and prior to ____
erotic
| ejaculation
105
bulbourethral glands secretion is ___,___,___ mucous that neutralizes the acidity of the ____ and lubricates the __ and ___ of penis
```
thick
sticky
alkaline
urethra
urethra
tip
```
106
3 components of the external genitalia
scrotum
testes
penis
107
penis is the organ of ___
copulation
108
penis is composed of 3 cylindrical masses of ___ tissue bound together by fibrous tissue and covered by skin
cavernous
109
penis has 2 ___ ___ and 1 ___ ___
corpora cavernosa
| corpus spongiosum
110
the proximal end of the corpora cavernosa is the ___
crura
111
the proximal end of the corpus spongiosum is the ___ ___ ___
bulb of penis
112
distal end of the corpus spongiosum is the ___ ___
glans penis
113
penis is supported by the ___ ligament and the ___ ligament
fundiform
| suspensory
114
root of the penis contains 2 things
bulb of the penis
| crura of the penis
115
body of the penis contains 3 things
corpora cavernosa
corpus spongiosum
buck's fascia
116
glans penis is the ___-shaped region of the penis
acorn
117
prepuce
extra skin on the tip of the penis
118
frenulum has __ ___ ___
sensory nerve endings
119
prepitual glands within ____
prepuce
120
smegma
secretions of an uncircumcized male accumulation on the inside of foreskin
source of infection
121
circumcision
HPV more likely if the male is uncircumcised
| glans penis thickens when circumcised
122
homologue of the labia minor in females is the ___
raphe
123
3 portions to the raphe
penile
scrotal
perineal
124
blood supply to the penis through 2 arteries
internal pudendal
| external pudendal
125
nerve supply to the penis (3)
pudendal nerve
pelvic plexuses
ilioinguinal nerve
126
bulbocavernosus reflex
DRE and pinch glans penis cause external anal sphincter
| test for S2, S3, S4 levels of spinal cord
127
phimosis
hard to retract prepuce
128
paraphimosis
frocibly contracted and edema of glans penis
129
balanoposthitis
inflammation of penis
130
priapism
```
prolonged penile errection
side effect of viagra
cocaine use
sickle-cell anemia
have to aspirate the blood
```
131
peyronie's disease
```
affects CT
palmer fibromatosis
affects buck's fascia: crooked penis
remove fibroma
it can reccur
```
132
jypospadias
urethral meatus ont he underside of penis
| c
133
chordee
exaggerated curve of the peni
134
epispadias
urethral meatus found anywhere on top of penis
135
avulsion of the penis
severed
| yanked out
136
carcinoma of the penis
uncommon
almost never encountered in a circumsized male
HPV may also play a role
137
seminal fluid: average amount per ejaculation __-__mL
3-5
138
testes and epididymis - secretions constitute less than __% of the seminal fluid volume
5
139
seminal vesicles - contributions about __%
60
140
prostate gland - contricute ___% of seminal fluid
30
141
bulbourethral glands constitute less than __% of seminal fluid
5
142
male fertility determined by the number of ___ ___, ___, ___ and ____
sperm ejaculated
size
shape
motility
143
fertile sperm have uniform ___ and __ and ___ ___
size
shape
highly motile
144
if sperm count falls below __ million/mL of semen
20
145
infertility may be cuased by production of ___ some men make against their own sperm = ____ ____
antibodies
| immune infertility
146
erection and lubrication is a ____ reflex (S2, S3, S4)
parasympathetic
147
emission is a ___ relfex
sympathetic
148
ejaculation is a ___ reflex
sympathetic
149
viagra mimmics ___ ___
nitric oxide
150
male climateric is homologous to ___
menopause
151
circulating testosterone levels begin to decline between ages ___ and ___ in male climacteric
50
| 60
152
male climacteric: reduction of ___ ___
sexual activity
| libido/sex drive weakens
153
male climacteric: increased circulating levels of ___ and ___
FSH
| LH
