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T1- Dani's GA1 > GA1 - SAQ 6 > Flashcards

GA1 - SAQ 6 Flashcards

1
Q

elephantitis

A 
protozoal infection
affecting the lymphatic vessels 
obstructs the lymph vessels
no drainage of interstitial fluid
accumulation/edema
enlarged scrotum
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2
Q

varicocele

A

enlarged pampiniform veins

bag of worms

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3
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid accumulation in tunica vaginalis testis

shine light through, should be luminous

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4
Q

hematocele

A

blood accumulation in the scrotum

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5
Q

inguinal hernia

A

finger test
indirect - side
direct - tip of finger

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6
Q

cryptorchidism

A

hidden testes
failure of testes to descend
inject ACG and if they dont descend = surgery
sterility bc its too warm inside the body for the testes

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7
Q

Testicular cancer

A

HCG test - can be a positive marker

AFP test

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8
Q

testicular torsion

A

ligament is too loose and cord twists

compromises the blood flow

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9
Q

benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH

A

constricting prostatic urethra
prostate rubbery and enlarged - DRE
alpha adrenergic blockers to relax smooth muscles

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10
Q

prostatic cancer

A

DRE - lumpy and hard
DRE annually
PSA for males over 50

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11
Q

prostatitis

A

gonococcal - ghonnorhea

chlamydia - most common cause for STD

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12
Q

phimosis

A

opening of prepuce is too small

hard to retract prepuce

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13
Q

paraphimosis

A

forcibly contracted prepuce

edema of glans penis

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14
Q

priapism

A

prolonged penile errection
side effects of: viagra, cocaine, sickle-cell anemia
have to aspirate the blood

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15
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

have trouble getting the penis hard

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16
Q

peyronie’s disease

A

penile fibromatosis
affects the CT
affects bucks fascia
crooked penis

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17
Q

hypospadias

A

urethral meatus on the ventral side

associated with chord - exaggerated curve of the penis

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18
Q

epispadias

A

urethral meatus on the dorsal side of the penis
corpora cavernosa didnt develop enough, OR
corpus spongiosum developed too muc

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19
Q

avulsion of the penis

A

severed penis

yanked out

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20
Q

carcinoma of the penis

A

uncommon
almost never encountered in a circumcised male
HPV may also play a role

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21
Q

infertility of male

A

antibodies

immune infertility

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22
Q

oligospermia

A

sperm count below 20 million/ml

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23
Q

retroflexion of the uterus

A

uterus flips over

uterus is pushed posteriorly

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24
Q

uterine prolapse

A

weakening of the pelvic floor
uterus drops down into vagina and possibly vestibule
possible surgeries
women with multiple pregnancies more prone to it

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25
Q

endometriosis interna

A

endometrium penetrates through myometrium
hormonal cycle
blood stays in myometrium
formation of cysts

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26
Q

endometriosis externa

A

endometrium travels out to ovary/abdominal cavity

blood in the pelvic cavity and around ovary

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27
Q

chocolate cyst ovary

A

due to endometriosis externa

blood accumulates around the ovary causing cysts

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28
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A

PID
infection in pelvis
pelvic cavity isnt closed in females
opening from the vagina

29
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

anywhere other than the uterine cavity

30
Q

cervical cancer

A

leukoplakia on the swab
polluck on the cervix
bleeding between menstruations

31
Q

vaginismus

A

spasm of the vagina
mental - way of prevention
sexual intercourse may be difficult
can clamp penis

32
Q

dyspareunia

A

painful intercourse

33
Q

episiotomy

A

surgical cut during labor
lateral/median
lateral so it doesnt cause rectovaginal fistula
easier to sew a cut than a tear

34
Q

sympathectomy

A

cut grey rami communicans

like in hyperhydrosis of the sole of the foot

35
Q

Horner’s syndrome

A

lose sympathetic innervation to the head and neck

36
Q

anal fistula

A

abnormal canal between 2 structures

anus with ischioanus fossa = fecal material causing a bacterial abscess

37
Q

saddle injuries

A

tear urethra
urine in superficial fascia
goes around scrotum, penis, and anterior abdominal wall

38
Q

renal agenesis

A

failure of 1 or both kidneys to develop due to early degeneration of the ureteric bud
failure of the bud and mass to connect

39
Q

renal cysts

A

due to improper linkage between collecting and renal tubules

40
Q

pelvic and horseshoe kidney

A

close together
sometimes the inferior poles fuse together
as fetus grows, fails to rise from abdominal cavity bc of inf mesenteric artery and doesnt allow it to go up
remains in pelvis

41
Q

double ureter

A

two ureters on one side

42
Q

patent urachus

A

connection between bladder and umbilicus

urine out the belly button

43
Q

gonadal agenesis

A

no gonads

44
Q

true hermaphroditism

A

both male and female gonads

2 kinds of cell populations

45
Q

pseudohermaphroditism

A

female - 46 XX with male external genitalia

male - 46 XY with female external genitalia

46
Q

duplication of uterine canal

A

bifid uterus

47
Q

atresia of uterine canal

A

no uterus

48
Q

bifid penis/double penis

A

two penises

49
Q

micropenis

A

associated with hypogonadism

adiposogenital syndrome

50
Q

testes homologue?

A

ovary

51
Q

gubernaculum testis homologue

A

ovarian ligament

round ligament of uterus

52
Q

penis homologue

A

clitoris

53
Q

penoscrotal raphe homologue

A

labia minora

54
Q

scrotom homologue

A

labia majora

55
Q

urinary bladder homologue

A

urinary bladder

56
Q

urethra homologue

A

urethra

57
Q

prostatic utricle homologue

A

vagina

58
Q

prostate gland homologue

A

urethra/paraurethral glands

59
Q

bulbourethral glands (Cowpers) homologue

A

greater vestibular glands

60
Q

ovary homologue

A

testis

61
Q

ovarian ligament/round ligament of uterus homologue

A

gubernaculum testis

62
Q

clitoris homologue

A

penis

63
Q

labia minora homologue

A

penoscrotal raphe

64
Q

labia majora homologue

A

scrotom

65
Q

vagina homologue

A

vagina

66
Q

urethra/paraurethral glands homologue

A

prostate gland

67
Q

greater vestibular glands homologue

A

bulbourethral glands

cowpers

68
Q

androgen insensitivity syndrome

A

cells dont respond to testosterone

male that is female like bc he cannot have his 2ndary characteristics bc of unrecognition of testosterone

T1- Dani's GA1 (17 decks)

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