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T1- Dani's GA1 > GA1 - intestines > Flashcards

GA1 - intestines Flashcards

1
Q

most of the small intestine is ___peritoneal

A

intra

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2
Q

duodenum is ____peritoneal

A

retro

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3
Q

small intestine has 3 parts

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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4
Q

duodenum is _-shaped about ___in long

A

C

10

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5
Q

duodenum has 4 parts

A

superior
descending
inferior
ascending

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6
Q

superior duodenum is _in long running ___ and ____ on the right side of __ vertebrae

A

2
upwards
backwards
L1

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7
Q

descending duodenum is _in long running ____ ____ along the right side of ___-___ vertebrae

A

3
vertically downward
L1-L3

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8
Q

inferior duodenum is _in long running _____ in front of ___ vertebrae

A

3
horizontally
L3

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9
Q

ascending duodenum is _in long running ___ and to the ___ and ends at ____ flexure

A

2
upwards
duodenojejunal

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10
Q

___ ___/____ ____ increase the absorption area of the duodenum

A

circular folds/plica circularis

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11
Q

major duodenal papilla is where the __ ___ ___ and ___ ___ __ come together to drain into the duodenum

A

main pancreatic duct and common bile duct

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12
Q

minor duodenal papilla is where the ___ ___ ___ drains into the duodenum

A

accessory pancreatic duct

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13
Q

blood supply to the duodenum - 2 arteries

A

superior and inferior pancreatico-duodenal

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14
Q

superior pancreatico-duodenal artery is a branch of the

A

gastroduodenal

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15
Q

inferior pancreatico-duodenal artery is a branch of the

A

superior mesenteric a

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16
Q

superior and inferior pancreatico-duodenal arteries will ___

A

anastomose

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17
Q

lymph flow of the duodenum

A

pancreatoduodenal nodes –> celiac nodes –> superior mesenteric nodes –> cystern chyli

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18
Q

jejunum and ilium measures __ft long

A

20

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19
Q

jejunum and ileum is ____ mobile attached to the posterior abdominal wall by the ____ of the small intestine

A

freely

mesentery

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20
Q

jejunum and ileum are __peritoneal

A

iintraperitoneal

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21
Q

jejunum is coiled in the ____ ___ part of the peritoneal cavity

A

left upper

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22
Q

ileum is in the ___ ___ part of the peritoneal cavity

A

lower right

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23
Q

jejunum has a ___ lumen, ___ wall, and ___ than the ileum

A

wider
thicker
redder

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24
Q

the jejunum is more ___ than the ileum

A

vascular

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25
Q

jejunum has ___ and ___ cirucular folds; ileum has ___ and ___ circular folds

A

taller
more
shorter
fewer

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26
Q

jejunum - mesentery is attached to posterior wall ___ and to the ___ of aorta

A

above

left

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27
Q

ileum - mesentery is attached ___ and to the ___ of aorta

A

below

right

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28
Q

jejunum - vessels form ___ arcades with __ long branches; ileum - vessels form ___ arcades with ___ numerous terminal branches

A

few
few
numerous
short

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29
Q

jejunal end of mesentery has ____ deposited in the root area and very ___ amount near intestine

A

fat

little

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29
Q

ileal end has __ deposited ___ the mesentary

A

fat

throughout

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30
Q

the root area of jejunum that is attached to the posterior wall is thicker because of the ____ deposited there

A

fat

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30
Q

___ ___ are present in the mucous membrane of the lower ileum along the ___-____ border

A

peyers patches

anti-mesenteric

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31
Q

the branches from the superior mesenteric arteries come together to form

A

arcades

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31
Q

the branches that come off of the arcades are the terminal branches called ___ ____

A

vasa recta

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32
Q

peyers patches are aggregates of ____ nodules

A

lymphoid

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32
Q

the branches off the superior mesenteric have 2 different names

A

intestinal branches

jejunal/ileal

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33
Q

blood supply to the small intestine

A

superior mesenteric

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33
Q

venous drainage of the small intestine =

A

portal system = superor mesenteric v –> portal v.

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34
Q

lymph drainage flow

A

mesenteric nodes –> superior mesenteric nodes –> intestinal lymph trunk –> cisterna chyli

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34
Q

mesenteric lymph noes within the ____

A

mesentary

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35
Q

duodenum is innervated by the ____ plexus

A

celiac

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35
Q

ilium and jujenum is innervated by the ___ ___ plexus

A

superior mesenteric

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36
Q

superior mesenteric ganglia surrounds the ___ ___ artery

A

superior mesenteric

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36
Q

superior mesenteric plexus has ___ parasympathetic, ____ symp

A

preganglionic

postganglionic

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37
Q

pre ganglionic sympathetic from ___ ___ a

A

lesser splanchnic

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37
Q

large intestine extends from the ____ to the ___ about __ft long

A

ileum
anus
5

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38
Q

large intestine divided into 7 parts

A 
cecum
appendix
ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum
anal canal
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38
Q

3 gross characteristic features of the large intestine

A

tenia colia
haustrations
epiploical appendages

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39
Q

tenia colia

A

longitudinal muscles
grouped into 3
form into band like structures

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39
Q

haustrations

A

segments of large intestines
haustrum - single
haustra - plural

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40
Q

epiploical appendages

A

fat deposits/protrusions

surrounded by visceral peritoneum

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40
Q

cecum - lies below level of ___ jxn

A

ileocecal

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41
Q

if you draw a line straight across from the bottom of the ileum where it comes into contact with the colon you will get the border for the ____

A

cecum

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41
Q

___-___ pouch located in the right iliac fossa

A

blind-ended

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42
Q

___ attaches to the cecum on its posteromedial side

A

appendix

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42
Q

blood supply to the cecum (2)

A

anterior and posterior cecal branches of the ileocolic artery

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43
Q

ileocolic artery is a branch of the ___ __ a

A

superior mesenteric

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43
Q

lymph drainage flow

A

mesenteric nodes –> superior mesenteric nodes

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44
Q

___ is a narrow muscular tube, 3-5 in long containing a large amount of lymphoid tissue

A

appendiz

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44
Q

appendix contains a lot of ____ tissue

A

lymphoid

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45
Q

appendix lies in the ___ __ fossa and in relation to the anterior abdominal wall, its base is situated beneath the ____ point

A

McBurney’s

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45
Q

2 arteries that supply the appendix

A

appendicular artery

branch of the posterior cecal artery

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46
Q

lymph drainage of the appendix

A

mesenteric nodes

superior mesenteric nodes

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46
Q

appendix innervated by the ___ ___ plexus

A

superior mesenteric

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47
Q

appendix innervated by afferent fibers for pain enter ___ segment

A

T10

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47
Q

appendix has referred pain to the ____

A

umbilicus

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48
Q

4 signs of appendicitis

A

pt tenderness at McBurneys point
rebound tenderness
Rouvsing sign
iliopsoas sign

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48
Q

rebound tenderness

A

when you press, the pain goes away, and when you let go, suddenly the patient comes right back

49
Q

Rovsing sign

A

press on L side and let go they complain of pain on the right

49
Q

iliopsoas sign

A

appendix right over iliacus
lift R leg and press down
patient will feel pain

50
Q

ascending colon is about _in, extending upward from the ____ to the inferior surface of the __ lobe of the liver

A

5
cecum
right

50
Q

ascending colon ends at the __ ___ flexure

A

right colic

51
Q

ascending colon is ___peritoneal

51
Q

blood supply to the ascending by two arteries that are branches of the __ ___ artery

A

ileocolic
right colic
superior mesenteric

52
Q

ascedning colon is innervated by the __ ___ plexus

A

superior mesenteric

52
Q

transverse colon is about __in long extednign across the abdomen occupying the __ region

A

15

umbilical

53
Q

transverse colon hangs ____ suspended by the ____ ___ and ___ ___ from the anterior surface of ___

A

downward
transverse mesocolon
greater omentum
pancreas

53
Q

blood supply to the R 2/3 of the transverse colon

A

middle colic

54
Q

blood supply to the L 1/3 of the transverse colon

A

left colic

54
Q

middle colic is a branch of the __ __

A

superior mesenteric

55
Q

left colic a is a branch of the ___ ___

A

inferior mesenteric

55
Q

nerve supply to the transverse colon is the ___ and ___ ___ plexus

A

superior and inferior plexus

56
Q

descending colon is about __in long extending from the ___ ___ ___ to the ___ ___

A

left colic flexure

pelvic brim

56
Q

descending colon is ____peritoneal

57
Q

blood supply to the descending colon ____ ___ and ___ arteries

A

left colic

sigmoidal

57
Q

left colic and sigmoidal are branches of ___ ___

A

inferior mesenteric

58
Q

nerve supply to the descending aorta

A

inferior mesenteric plexus

58
Q

inferior mesenteric plexus is derived from ____ ___ ganglia

A

inferior mesenteric

59
Q

sigmoid colon is __-__in long extending from the __ ___ to the front of ___

59
Q

sigmoid colon is attached to posterior abdominal wall by __ ___

A

sigmoid mesocolon

60
Q

sigmoid colon is ___peritoneal

60
Q

blood supply to the sigmoid colon by ___ __ of the __ __ artery

A

sigmoid branches

inferior mesenteric

61
Q

upper sigmoid colon is innervated by ___ ___

A

inferior mesenteric

61
Q

lower sigmoid colon is innervated by ___ ___

A

hypogastric plexus

62
Q

rectum is about __in long and begins infront of __ and ends __in in front of tip of ___

63
Q

rectum has an outer ___ muscle surrounding entire circumference of rectum

A

longitudinal

64
Q

blood supply to the rectum is by 3 arteries

A

superior, middle, inferior rectal arteries

65
Q

lymph drainage of the upper half of the rectum

A

pararectal lymph nodes to inferior mesenteric nodes

66
Q

lymph drainage of the lower half of the rectum

A

internal iliac lymph nodes

67
Q

nerve supply to the rectum is the ___ ___

A

hypogastric plexuses

68
Q

rectum is normally ___

69
Q

peristaltic rush of the rectum =

A

defecation

70
Q

the urge to use the bathroom occurs when the rectum is ____

71
Q

anal canal is about ___in long passing downward and backwards from the ___ ___ to the ___

A

1.5
rectal ampulla
anus

72
Q

anal canal has an _____ smooth muscle internal sphincter and ___ external sphincter

A

involuntary

voluntary

73
Q

blood supply to the anal canal 2 arteries

A

superior and inferior rectal arteries

74
Q

upper half of the anal canal lymph drainage

A

internal iliac nodes

75
Q

lower half of anal canal lymph drainage

A

superficial inguinal nodes

76
Q

nerve supply to the upper half of the anal canal

A

hypogastric plexuses

77
Q

nerve supply to the lower half of the anal canal

A

inferior rectal nerve and perineal branch of S4 nrve

78
Q

anorectal angle

A

by the puborectalis muscle

79
Q

dilation of the anal canal

A

rectal ampulla

80
Q

___ ___: longitudinal ridges at the anorectal junction

A

anal columns

81
Q

interconnected anal columns =

A

prevents liquid from oozing out

82
Q

below dentate line epithelium

A

stratified squamous keratinized by the outside, non-keratinized toward the dentate line

83
Q

above dentate line epithelium

A

simple columnar

84
Q

superior mesenteric artery gives off 3 arteries

A

middle colic, right colic, ileocolic

85
Q

inferior mesenteric artery gives off 3 arteries

A

left colic, sigmoidal, superior rectal

86
Q

internal iliac gives off 2 arteries

A

middle and inferior rectal artery

87
Q

superior rectal artery supplies upper 1/2 of ___

88
Q

middle and inferior rectal artery supplies lower 1/2 of ____

89
Q

9 structures derived from the foregut

A 
esophagus
trachea, bronchi, lungs
stomach
upper 2/3 of duodenum
liver, pancreas, gallbladder
90
Q

blood supply to the foregut

A

celiac trunk

91
Q

sympathetic nerve supply to foregut

A

greater splanchnic; celiac ganglia

92
Q

parasympathetic nerve supply to foregut

93
Q

7 structures from midgut

A 
lower 1/3 of duodenum
jujenum
ilium
cecum, appendix, ascending colon
R 2/3 of transverse colon
94
Q

blood supply to midgut

A

superior mesenteric artery

95
Q

sympathetic nerve supply to the midgut

A

lesser splanchnic; least splanchnic; superior mesenteric ganglia

96
Q

parasympathetic nerve supply to the midgut

97
Q

blood supply to the rectum is by 3 arteries

A

superior, middle, inferior rectal arteries

98
Q

lymph drainage of the upper half of the rectum

A

pararectal lymph nodes to inferior mesenteric nodes

99
Q

lymph drainage of the lower half of the rectum

A

internal iliac lymph nodes

100
Q

nerve supply to the rectum is the ___ ___

A

hypogastric plexuses

101
Q

rectum is normally ___

102
Q

peristaltic rush of the rectum =

A

defecation

103
Q

the urge to use the bathroom occurs when the rectum is ____

104
Q

anal canal is about ___in long passing downward and backwards from the ___ ___ to the ___

A

1.5
rectal ampulla
anus

105
Q

anal canal has an _____ smooth muscle internal sphincter and ___ external sphincter

A

involuntary

voluntary

106
Q

blood supply to the anal canal 2 arteries

A

superior and inferior rectal arteries

107
Q

upper half of the anal canal lymph drainage

A

internal iliac nodes

108
Q

lower half of anal canal lymph drainage

A

superficial inguinal nodes

109
Q

nerve supply to the upper half of the anal canal

A

hypogastric plexuses

110
Q

nerve supply to the lower half of the anal canal

A

inferior rectal nerve and perineal branch of S4 nrve

111
Q

anorectal angle

A

by the puborectalis muscle

112
Q

dilation of the anal canal

A

rectal ampulla

113
Q

___ ___: longitudinal ridges at the anorectal junction

A

anal columns

114
Q

interconnected anal columns =

A

prevents liquid from oozing out

115
Q

below dentate line epithelium

A

stratified squamous keratinized by the outside, non-keratinized toward the dentate line

116
Q

above dentate line epithelium

A

simple columnar

117
Q

superior mesenteric artery gives off 3 arteries

A

middle colic, right colic, ileocolic

118
Q

inferior mesenteric artery gives off 3 arteries

A

left colic, sigmoidal, superior rectal

119
Q

internal iliac gives off 2 arteries

A

middle and inferior rectal artery

120
Q

superior rectal artery supplies upper 1/2 of ___

121
Q

middle and inferior rectal artery supplies lower 1/2 of ____

122
Q

9 structures derived from the foregut

A 
esophagus
trachea, bronchi, lungs
stomach
upper 2/3 of duodenum
liver, pancreas, gallbladder
123
Q

blood supply to the foregut

A

celiac trunk

124
Q

sympathetic nerve supply to foregut

A

greater splanchnic; celiac ganglia

125
Q

parasympathetic nerve supply to foregut

126
Q

7 structures from midgut

A 
lower 1/3 of duodenum
jujenum
ilium
cecum, appendix, ascending colon
R 2/3 of transverse colon
127
Q

blood supply to midgut

A

superior mesenteric artery

128
Q

sympathetic nerve supply to the midgut

A

lesser splanchnic; least splanchnic; superior mesenteric ganglia

129
Q

parasympathetic nerve supply to the midgut

130
Q

5 structures from hindgut

A 
L 1/3 transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum
upper 1/2 anal canal
131
Q

sympathetic innervation to L 1/3 transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon through ___ ___ and ___ ___

A

lumbar splanchnic

inferior mesenteric

132
Q

blood supply to the hindgut, except for lower 1/2 of rectum

A

inferior mesenteric artery

middle and inferior rectal a

133
Q

sympathetic innervation for the hindgut

A

lumbar splanchnic
inferior mesenteric ganglia
sacral splanchnic nerves
inferior hypogastric plexus

134
Q

lumbar splanchnic (L1,L2) synapse at

A

inferior mesenteric ganglia

135
Q

parasympathetic nerve supply to hindgut

A

pelvic splanchnic (S2, S3, S4)

T1- Dani's GA1 (17 decks)

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