Forensics - psychological explanations: Eysenck Flashcards

1
Q

Who argued personality is inherited?

A

Eyesenck

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2
Q

What did Eyesenck focus on in his research

A

Personality and intelligence research

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3
Q

What are the two dimensions that Eyesenck proposed?

A
  • introversion to extraversion
  • neuroticism to stability
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4
Q

What was the third dimension added by Eysenck?

A

Psychotisim to sociability

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5
Q

What three dimensions make up the criminal personality?

A

Neurotic - extrovert - psychotic

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6
Q

Extrovert characteristics

A
  • under active nervous system so constantly seeking excitement
  • risk taking behaviours
  • don’t condition easily
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7
Q

Neurotic characteristics

A
  • High level of reactivity in sympathetic nervous system
  • Quick response to fight or flight
  • Nervous, jumpy and over anxious
  • Behaviour is difficult to predict
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8
Q

Psychotic characteristics

A
  • Higher levels of testosterone
  • unemotional
  • prone to aggression
  • lack empathy
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9
Q

What innate trait is never socialised out of criminals

A

Desire for immediate gratification and selfishness

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10
Q

Why are criminals difficult to socialise/condition

A

High E and N have nervous systems that don’t react well to conditioning

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11
Q

Strength of Eysenck’s theory

A

+ when compared prisoners to non-prisoners, prisoners scored higher on Eysenck’s personality quiz (EPQ) in N and E dimensions, suggesting EPQ and theory is valid

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12
Q

Limitation of Eysenck’s theory

A
  • Farrington conducted meta-analysis. Found offenders scored higher highly on P but not always N and E.
  • Kissner found inconsistent differences in EEGs of introverts and extroverts
  • reductionist, adolescence-limited offending and life course persistent. Personality traits can’t predict lifelong offending behaviour. Offending = reciprocal process between personality and environment
  • Not consistent across cultures, Barton studied Hispanic offenders, scored less on E scale than control group. Can’t be generalised
  • personality = too complex for EPQs quantification
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