Flashcard 3

Question 1

sporadic disease

Answer 1

occurs only occasionally or in a few isolated places

Question 2

Gonad

Answer 2

organ that produces gametes

Question 3

only hormone to decrease [BG]

Answer 3

insulin

Question 4

autocrine

Answer 4

cells secrete chemicals that bind to receptors on that same cell

Question 5

what stimulates cartilage deposition by chondrocytes when they become calcified

Answer 5

IGF- 1

Question 6

mode of action vasopressin in vascular smooth muscle

Answer 6

contracts to increase blood pressure

Question 7

what is an arteriole lining made of

Answer 7

several endothelial cells

Question 8

paracrine

Answer 8

chemicals diffuse to affect neighbouring cells

Question 9

what 3 factors does development of diabetes type 1 require

Answer 9

• genetic predispostion
• trigger
• autoimmunity

Question 10

what produces glucagon

Answer 10

alpha islets of langerhans

Question 11

where are TAGs stored

Answer 11

liver and adipose tissue

Question 12

what is somatostatin main pancreatic action and what is the purpose of it?

Answer 12

inhibits GI tract activity, slowing down absorption of nutrients and preventing exaggerated peaks in plasma conc

Question 13

what happens when free hormones leave the plasma

Answer 13

more hormone is released by the carrier proteins

Question 14

thyroid hormone solubility in plasma?

Answer 14

poor

Question 15

processes that occur when there is more insulin than glucagon

Answer 15

1. gluconeogenesis
2. glycogenolysis
3. ketogenesis

Question 16

primary purpose glucagon

Answer 16

raise [BG]

Question 17

what can cause peripheral insulin resistance

Answer 17

abnormal response of insulin receptors in these tissues/ a decrease in their numbers

Question 18

hypoglycaemia

Answer 18

[BG] <3mmol/l

Question 19

when is the majority of GH released?

Answer 19

delta sleep

Question 20

osteocytes

Answer 20

regulate the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts

Question 21

what is a growth hormone?

Answer 21

peptide hormone released by anterior pituitary e.g. somatotropin

Question 22

hirtuism

Answer 22

excessive body hair in men and women on parts of the body where hair is normally absent