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Path II > Final Readings gouty arthritis/Pituitary/thyroid > Flashcards

Final Readings gouty arthritis/Pituitary/thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

gouty arthritis: swelling due to

A

accumulation of sodium urates

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2
Q

asymmetrical and first MTP joint

A

gouty arthritis

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3
Q

what is podagra and what does it indicate?

A

gouty pain in great toe=involvement of other organs in the body

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4
Q

most dangerous of gout pathologies

A

gouty kidney (uric acid salts inhibit paranchym)

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5
Q

tophus deposition in gouty arthritis found where?

A

ear, DIP, hand, elbow

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6
Q

is tophus reversible

A

yes

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7
Q

Most common benign tumor of pituitary gland

A

prolactinoma

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8
Q

prolactinoma is associated with overproduction of prolactin and has what symptoms

A

amenorrhea
loss of libido
infertility
galactorrhea

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9
Q

man or women increases milk production (not pregnant)

A

galactorrhea

due to prolactinoma

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10
Q

Growth hormone ademona is adult

A

increases bone periosteum (witdth)

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11
Q

growth hormone adenoma aka

A

somatotroph cell ademoma

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12
Q

giganticism die very early because of

A

weak immune system/ischemia of the heart

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13
Q

hypercorticism results in

A

osteoporosis

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14
Q

corticotroph cell carcinoma affects the cells that are supposed to produce

A

adrenocorticoprophic hormone

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15
Q

corticotroph cell carcinoma causes hyper secretion of cortisol in adrenals resulting in

A

cushing syndrome

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16
Q 
buffalo hump
moon face
less fat in butt and legs
bruising easiIY
always hypertensive
A

cushing syndrome

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17
Q

overstimulation of beta cells predisposing to DM2

A

cushing syndrome

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18
Q

most serious problem of someone with cushing syndrome

A

TB

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19
Q

In a child:
Pituitary Dwarfism (Lorain-Levy syndrome)- characterized by

A

hypofunction of the pituitary gland

20
Q

Adiposogential dystrophy(Frohlich’s syndrome)

A

results from pituitary gland tumor- you see specific obesity of the pelvis and undeveloped genitals. ginned pattern

21
Q

Postpartem syndrome- (Sheehan’s syndrome)

A

results in necrosis of tissue because of lack of oxygen

-veins can’t maintain BP

22
Q

normal urine production

A

1.5-1.6L/day

23
Q

Diabetes insipidus can allow you to urinate

A

25L/day

1.002-1.004 sg

24
Q

If the neuroendocrine cells in the epithelial lining of the bronchial wall develop cancer it may be the source of hyperfunction of _____

most common?

A

ADH

OAT cell carcinoma (malignant)

25
Q

75% of pituitary tumors and does not produce hormones

A

pituitary adenoma (destroys gland function)

26
Q

absence of the lateral field of vision due to tumor of the pituitary gland.

A

Bitemporal Hemianopsia

27
Q

The account for the metabolic rate of the person

A

Triiodothyroxin- T3


28
Q

______% of iodine uptake in the gland, it means the function of the gland is normal

A

20-45

29
Q

______% means that function of the gland is increase (hyper)

A

45-90

30
Q

is less than ____% intake then function of the gland is decreased

A

20

31
Q

Manifestations and processes of hyperthyroidism are:

A

Hypermetabolic rate

Over activity of the sympathetic nervous system

32
Q

The main causes of hyperthyroidism

A

diffuse hyperplasia of the thyroid gland associated with Graves’ disease
• The ingestion of excess exogenous thyroid hormone (administrated for hypothyroidism) • Hyperfunctional multi-nodular goiter
• Hyperfunctional adenoma of the thyroid gland

33
Q

The male to female ratio is 1/8. It develop in young ladies between 20-40 years old. This autoimmune pathology is characterized by the huge amount of antibodies, which mimic the action of thyroid stimulating hormone

A

Graves disease

34
Q

occurs in 100% of patients with Graves disease

A

Diffuse (hyperplasia) goiter- enlargement of thyroid gland- hyperplasia of thyroid gland

35
Q

There is hyperkeratosis of the lower distal 1/3 of the shins and feet without the growth of hair. It occurs in about 15% of patient’s with Graves disease.

A

Pretibial myxedema

36
Q

autoimmune pathology of thyroid gland leading to destruction of the gland

A

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

37
Q

radiation/ surgery can lead to

A

hypothyroidism

38
Q

Gain of weight, but poor appetites.
• Cold - because of low metabolic rate- no perspiration leading to brittle, dry hair, dryness of the skin
• Mucopolysaccharides in the subcutaneous fatty layer which lead to being overweight
• Poor appetite, diarrhea and constipation
• Increased concentration of cholesterol in the blood, very low uptake of radioactive iodine • Low metabolic rate

A

Manifestations of hypothyroidism

39
Q

hypothyroidism of embryo

A

cretinism (If the mother doesn’t have a normal amount of iodine in the pregnancy the baby doesn’t have normal mental development.)

40
Q

•Short stature
•Disproportions in the body
•Lack of mental development •Umbilical hernia in newborn babies •Huge tongue

A

cretinism

41
Q

MC development of disease in adults

A

Myxedema

42
Q

Myxedema symptoms

A

Weak
• Wants to do nothing
• No energy because of slow metabolic process
• Swelling of the face- accumulation of fluid in subcutaneous fat, puffy lips, nose and swollen tongue.

43
Q

is noninflammatory, nonneoplastic enlargement of the thyroid gland

A

goiter

44
Q

Main cause of goiter is_____ deficiency

A

iodine

45
Q

prevalent in people older than 40 years old who have an iodine deficiency

A

Toxic nodular goiter

46
Q

Toxic nodular goiter

A

hyper-functional from mutations in the follicular cell

Path II (21 decks)

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