Farmaka Flashcards

1
Q

Spironolakton

A

I: Hyperaldosteronisme, hjerteinsufficiens (NYHA 2), ascites

K: Hyperkaliæmi, hyponatriæmi, anuri, nyreinsufficiens, addisons.

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2
Q

DMARD

A

MTX - RA

Azathioprin - Wegerners

Cyclofosfamid - Wegerners

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3
Q

Testoteron

Indikation, kontra, bivirkninger

A

I: primær hypogonadisme, pubertetsinduktion (16-17 år)

K: cancer mamma og prostata

B: prostatahypertrofi, artralgi,myalgi, svimmelhed, hvp, acne, hud problemer. Pripisme, polycytæmi.

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4
Q

Antithyroid medicin - methimazol, carbimazol, propylthiuracil

Dosis, bivirkning

A

D:methimazol 20-30 mg pr over 1-2 doser, Propylthiuracil 400-600 mg pr dg over 2-3 doser. Der måles TSH, T4, T3 initielt hver 2-3. uge.

B: Eksem (skift præparat). Agranulocytose, obs feber, der monitoreres regelmæssigt leukocytter.

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5
Q

Bisfonat

I, Effekt, D, K, B?

Alendronat, zolendronsyre

A

I: osteoporose, hyperkaliæmi

E: hæmmer osteoklast antal og aktivitet.

D: 1 x ugentligt (om morgen 30 t inden mad) eller iv 1 x årligt

K: GFR < 35 ml/time.

B: GI gener, influenza symp, kæbenekrose

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6
Q

Denosumab

I, Effekt, D, K, B

A

I: Osteoporose

E: hæmmer RANKL

D: sc 1/2 år

K: hypokalcæmi

B: Obstipation, myalgi, kæbenekrose.

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7
Q

Glukokortikoid

I, D, K, B, Profylakse

A

I: immunmodulerende

D: Prednisolon, dexamethason, hydrokortison

K: relativ infektion.

B: Osteoporose, sek. cushing, addisons

P: D-vit, kalk, DXA skanning

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8
Q

Cyklofosfamid

A

I: Mb. waldenstrøm

K:

B:

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9
Q

Melfalan

A

I: Amyloidose

K:

B:

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10
Q

Hydrea

A

I: cytoreduktion - Essentiel trombocytose, Polycytaemia vera, Myelodysplastisk syndrom, CML, (AML)

K: Relative: nyreinsufficiens, knoglemarvsinsufficines, svær anæmi.

B: GI, knoglemarvsdepression, stomatit

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11
Q

Alfa-adrenoreceptorblokade

Alfuzosin

A

I: Prostatahypertrofi (effekt efter få uger)

K: Hjerteinsufficiens, nedsat leverfunktion, allergi.

B: Ortostatisk hypotension, retrograd ejakulation.

Alternativt: 5-alfa-reduktasehæmmer virker langsommere. Obs PSA halveret.

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12
Q

Methotrexat

I, D, K, B

A

I: svær psoriasis, RA

D: 5-20 mg x 1 ugt. + Folinsyre (færre GI symp)

K: GFR < 20 ml/min, stærkt nedsat lever, alkohol misbrug, svær akut/kronisk infektion, immundefekter + marv insufficiens.

B: Kvalme, opkastning, hepatotoksisitet, marv suppresion, teratogent.

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13
Q

ACE

(Enalapril, ramipril, lisinopril)

I, K, B

A

I: Hjertesvigt, Hypertension.

K: Ved nyresvigt lavere initial og vedligeholdelses dosis. Tidl. angioødem. Anden ACE hæmmer.

B:

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14
Q

L-DOPA

A

I: Parkinson, begrænset effekt efter 5-7 år.

K:

B: kvalme, depression, konfusion, On/off, freezing, dystoni. Ortostatisk hypotension.

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