FAR Part 28 Flashcards
Bonds and Insurance
Part 28
Bonds and Insurance
FAR Part 28: Bonds and Insurance
Overview of FAR Part 28 - Bonds and Insurance
Purpose: Establishes requirements for bonds and insurance in government contracts (FAR 28.000).
Key Sections:
28.1 Bonds and Other Financial Protections
28.2 Sureties and Other Security for Bonds
28.3 Insurance
FAR Part 28: Bonds and Insurance
Overview of FAR Part 28 - Bonds and Insurance
Instructor Dialogue
FAR Part 28 focuses on the requirements for bonds and insurance in government contracts.“
“These provisions help mitigate financial risks and protect the government’s interests.“
“Understanding these requirements is essential for ensuring compliance and managing potential risks.”
FAR Part 28: Bonds and Insurance
Subpart 28.1 - Bonds and Other Financial Protections
Purpose: Establishes the use of bonds to protect the government against financial loss (FAR 28.101).
Key Features:
Types of bonds include bid bonds, performance bonds, and payment bonds (FAR 28.101-1).
Bid bonds ensure that bidders will honor their bids (FAR 28.101-2).
Performance bonds guarantee the contractor’s performance (FAR 28.101-3).
Payment bonds ensure that subcontractors and suppliers are paid (FAR 28.101-4).
FAR Part 28: Bonds and Insurance
Subpart 28.1 - Bonds and Other Financial Protections
Instructor Dialogue
Subpart 28.1 establishes the use of bonds to protect the government against financial loss.“
“Types of bonds include bid bonds, performance bonds, and payment bonds.“
“Bid bonds ensure that bidders will honor their bids.“
“Performance bonds guarantee the contractor’s performance.“
“Payment bonds ensure that subcontractors and suppliers are paid.”
FAR Part 28: Bonds and Insurance
Subpart 28.2 - Sureties and Other Security for Bonds
Purpose: Provides guidelines for the use of sureties and other security forms (FAR 28.200).
Key Features:
Acceptable sureties include corporate sureties and individual sureties (FAR 28.202-1).
Corporate sureties must be listed in the Department of the Treasury’s Listing of Approved Sureties (FAR 28.202-2).
Individual sureties must pledge assets to cover the bond amount (FAR 28.203-1).
Alternatives to sureties include letters of credit and escrow accounts (FAR 28.204).
FAR Part 28: Bonds and Insurance
Subpart 28.2 - Sureties and Other Security for Bonds
Instructor Dialogue
Subpart 28.2 provides guidelines for the use of sureties and other security forms.“
“Acceptable sureties include corporate sureties and individual sureties.“
“Corporate sureties must be listed in the Department of the Treasury’s Listing of Approved Sureties.“
“Individual sureties must pledge assets to cover the bond amount.“
“Alternatives to sureties include letters of credit and escrow accounts
FAR Part 28: Bonds and Insurance
Subpart 28.3 - Insurance
Purpose: Outlines the requirements for insurance in government contracts (FAR 28.301).
Key Features:
Contractors must obtain and maintain insurance as required by the contract (FAR 28.301-1).
Types of required insurance may include worker’s compensation, liability, and property insurance (FAR 28.301-2).
Contractors must provide evidence of insurance coverage (FAR 28.301-3).
FAR Part 28: Bonds and Insurance
Subpart 28.3 - Insurance
Instructor Dialogue:
Subpart 28.3 outlines the requirements for insurance in government contracts.“
“Contractors must obtain and maintain insurance as required by the contract.“
“Types of required insurance may include worker’s compensation, liability, and property insurance.“
“Contractors must provide evidence of insurance coverage.”
Forms of financial protection against losses under contracts include:
Bid guarantees * Bonds
Alternative payment protections
Sureties (security for bonds)
Insurance
These apply to contracts that result from either sealed bidding or negotiation.
Bond
A written instrument executed by a first party and a second party (except as provided in 28.204), to assure fulfillment of the first party’s obligations to a third
party identified in the bond
Assures payment, to the extent stipulated, of any loss sustained by the third party if the bidder or contractors obligations are not met
The first party: the principal - the bidder or contractor
The second party: the surety — usually an insurance company
The third party: the obligee - the government
Types of Bonds
Payment bond
Ensures payments as required by law
to al persons supplying labor or material in the prosecution of the work provided for ni the contract
A payment bond is only required when a performance bond is also required.
Types of Bonds
Annual performance bond
A single bond, ni lieu of separate performance bonds, to secure fulfillment of the contractor’s obligations under contracts other than for construction requiring bonds
entered into during a specific fiscal year
Types of Bonds
Annual bid bond
A single bond, in lieu of separate
bonds, which secures all bids on other than construction contracts requiring bonds submitted during a specific fiscal year
Types of Bonds
Advance payment bond
Secures fulfillment of the contractor’s obligations under an advance payment provision
Types of Bonds
Patent infringement bond
Secures fulfillment of the contractor’s obligations under a patent provision
Bid Guarantees
Penal sum
Penal amount
The amount of money specified in a bond (or a percentage of the bid price in a bid bond) as the maximum payment for which the surety is obligated
The amount of security required to be pledged to the government in liuw of a corporate or individual surety for the bond
Bid Guarantees
Bid guarantee
Abform of security assuring that the bidder will not withdraw a bid within the period specified for acceptance and will execute a written contract and furnish required bonds within the allotted time following award
Bonds and bid guarantees typically pertain to construction contracts.
A contracting officer shall not require a bid guarantee unless a performance bond or a performance and payment bond is also required.
The Bonds Statute
Previously known as the Heard Act (1894) and the Miller Act (1935)
Requires prime contractors on some government construction contracts to post bonds guaranteeing:
Performance of their contractual duties, and
Payment of their suppliers and subcontractors
Applies to any construction contract valued in excess of $150,000, unless waived
Bonds for Construction Contracts
Bonds statute requires performance and payment bonds for any U.S. construction
contract exceeding $150,000
The contractor shall furnish all
bonds or alternative payment protection before receiving a notice to proceed with the work or being allowed to start work
Penal amount of performance bonds must equal 100% of the original contract price
Amount of payment bonds must equal 100% of the original contract price
If the contract price increases, the bond amount must increase
by 100% of the increase
Other Than Construction Contracts
Generally, performance and payment bonds are not required.
Circumstances that may require such bonds for other than construction contracts include:
Government property or funds are to be provided to the contractor for use in performing the contract or as partial compensation
A contractor sells assets to or merges with another concern, and the government, after recognizing the latter concern as the successor in interest, desires assurance that ti is financially capable
Substantial progress payments are made before delivery of end items starts
Contracts are for dismantling, demolition, or removal of improvements
Sureties
Individual surety
* One person, versus a business entity, is liable for the entire penal amount of the bond
Corporate surety
* Licensed under various insurance laws, and, under its charter, has legal power to act as surety for others
Co-surety
* Two or more sureties are jointly liable for the penal sum of the bond
Corporate Sureties
Must appear on the “Companies Holding Certificates of Authority as Acceptable Sureties on
Federal Bonds and Acceptable
Reinsuring Companies” list
The penal amount of the bond
should not exceed the surety’s underwriting limit