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Step 1 Andre > FA Rapid Review: Class Labs/Findings > Flashcards

FA Rapid Review: Class Labs/Findings Flashcards

1
Q

Anti-centromere

A

Scleroderma CREST

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2
Q

Anti-desmoglein (epithelial)

A

Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

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3
Q

Anti-GBM

A

Goodpasture syndrome (GN and hemoptysis)

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4
Q

Anti-histone

A

drug-induced SLE

  • Hydralazine
  • INH
  • Phenytoin
  • Procainamide
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5
Q

Anti-IgG

A

RA

  • systemic inflammation
  • joint pannus
  • boutonniere deformity
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6
Q

Anti-mitochondrial (AMA’s)

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

- female, cholestasis, portal HTN

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7
Q

p-ANCA/MPO-ANCA

A

Microscopic Polyangiitis

Churg-Strauss syndrome

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8
Q

c-ANCA/PR3-ANCA

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener granulomatosis

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9
Q

Anti-platelet

A

SLE (type III hypersensitivity)

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10
Q

Anti-topoisomerase

A

Diffuse systemic sclerosis

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11
Q

Anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliadin/anti-endomysial

A

Celiac disease

  • diarrhea
  • distension
  • wt loss
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12
Q

“Apple core” lesion on abdominal x-ray

A

Colorectal cancer (usually left sided)

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13
Q

Azurophilic peroxidase + granular inclusions in granlocytes and myeloblasts

A

Auer rods

- AML, esp promyelocytic [M3] type

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14
Q

Bacitracin response

- what’s sensitive and what’s resistant

A

sensitive: strep pyogenes (group A)
resistant: strep agalactiae (group B)

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15
Q

Bamboo spine on x-ray

- what marker

A

ankylosing spondylitis (HLA-B27)

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16
Q

basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

2/2 what

A

howell-jolly bodies

- splenectomy or nonfuntional spleen

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17
Q

basphilic stippling of RBCs (2)

A
  1. Pb poisoning

2. sideroblastic anemia

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18
Q

boot shaped heart on x-ray (2)

A

Tet

RVH

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19
Q

branching gram positive rods with sulfur granules

A

actinomyces israelii

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20
Q

bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

A

pancoast tumor

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21
Q

brown tumor of bone (2)

  • why brown
A
  1. hyperparathyroidism
  2. osteitis fibrosa cystica
  • deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage
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22
Q

cardiomegaly with apical

A

Chagas dz 2/2 Trypanosoma cruzi

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23
Q

cellular crescents in Bowman capsule

A

rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

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24
Q

chocolate cyst of ovary

A

endometriosis

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25
Q

circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils

  • seen in what conditions (3)
A

Homer-Wright rosettes

  • neuroblastoma
  • medulloblastoma
  • retinoblastoma
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26
Q

colonies of mucoid pseudomonas in lungs with which condition

A

CF

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27
Q

decrease AFP in amniotic fluid and maternal serum

A

down

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28
Q

degeneration of dorsal columns

A

tabes dorsalis with teritary syphillis

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29
Q

depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra with what condition

A

PD

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30
Q

desquamated epithlium casts in sputum called what

- in what condition

A

Curschmann spirals

bronchial asthma

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31
Q

disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid called what?
- in what condition

A
  • Call-Exner bodies

- granulosa-theca cell tumor of ovary

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32
Q

dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromosasia called what

  • seen in what
A

koilocytes

HOV

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33
Q

enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies called what

  • seen in what condition
A

Owl eyes

CMV

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34
Q

enlarged thyroid cells w/ground-glass nuclei called what? seen in what?

A
  • Orphan Annie eyes nuclei

- papillary carcinoma of thyroid

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35
Q

eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell called what

  • seen in what
A

Mallory body

- alcoholic liver disease

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36
Q

eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell called what

  • seen in what
A

Lewy body

  • PD
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37
Q

eosinophilic globule in liver called what

  • seen in what
A

councilman body

  • toxic or viral hepatitis
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38
Q

eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar nerve cells called what

  • seen in what
A

negri bodies

rabies

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39
Q

extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain called what

seen in what

A

senile plauqes

AD

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40
Q

Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent Owl Eye inclusions called what

  • seen in what
A

Reed-Sternberg cells

Hodgkin lymphoma

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41
Q

Glomerlus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells called what

  • seen in what
A

Schiller-Duval bodies

  • yolk sac tumor
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42
Q

hair on end appearance on x-ray in what condition (2)

  • due to what
A

beta-thalassemia
sickle cell anemia

BM expansion

43
Q

hCG elevated in what conditions (2)

A

choriocarcinoma

hydatidform mole

44
Q

granulomatous heart nodules called what

seen in what

A

Aschoff bodies

rheumatic fever

45
Q

heterophilic antibodies seen in what

A

infectious mono (EBV)

46
Q

heaxagonal, double-pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions called what?

seen in what

A

charcot-leyden crystals
w/ eosinophilic granules

bronchial asthma

47
Q

high level of d-dimers in what conditions (3)

A

DVT
PE
DIC

48
Q

hilar LAD, peripheral granulomatous lesion in middle of lower lung lobes called what

  • seen in what
A

Ghon complex

primary TB

49
Q

honeycomb lung on x-ray or CT seen in what condition

A

IPF

50
Q

Trousseau syndrome

  • what is it
  • a/w what condition
A

hypercoagulable state

a/w adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung

51
Q

hypersegmented neutrophils
seen in what
caused by what

A

megaloblastic anemia

b12 def

52
Q

Conn syndrome (3)

A
  1. HTN
  2. hypo-K
  3. metabolic alkalosis
53
Q

where you see hypochromic, microcytic anemia (3)

A
  1. fe def
  2. pb poisoning
  3. thalassemia
54
Q

when do you see increased AFP in amniotic fluid (3)

A
  1. dating error
  2. anencephaly
  3. spina bifida and other neural tube def
55
Q

when do you see increased uric acid levels (4)

A
  1. gout
  2. lesch-nyhan syndrome
  3. tumor lysis syndrome
  4. loop and thiazide diuretics
56
Q

intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies are called what

seen in what

A

Cowdry type A bodies

  • HSV or CMV
57
Q

iron-containing nodules in alveolar sputum called what

seen in what

A

ferruginous bodies

asbestosis

58
Q

feratin pearls seen on skin bx in what condition

A

squamous cell carcinoma

59
Q

large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes with immunodeficiency … what condition

A

Chediak-Higashi disease (congenital failure of phagolysosome formation)

60
Q

“lead pipe” appearance of colon on barium enema x-ray seen in what condition

  • why?
A

ulcerative colitis

- loss of haustra

61
Q

linear appearance of IgG deposition on glomerular basement MB in what condition

A

goodpasture

62
Q

low serum ceruloplasmin in what condition

A

wilson disease

63
Q

lumpy bumpy appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence in what condition

due to what

A

poststrep glomerulonephritis

immune complex deposition of IgG and C3b

64
Q

lytic bone lesions on x-ray in what condition

A

multiple myeloma

65
Q

blue domed cyst of mammary gland is called what

A

fibrocystic change of breast

66
Q

monoclonal antibody spike seen in what conditiosn (4)

A
  1. multiple myeloma (IgG or igA)
  2. MGUS
  3. Waldenstrom (IgM)
  4. Primary amyloidosis
67
Q

mucin-filled cell with peripheral nucleus called what

  • seen in what
A

signet ring

gastric carcinoma

68
Q

narrowing of bowel lumen on barium x-ray called what

seen in what

A

string sign

crohn disease

69
Q

necrotizing vasculitis (lungs0 and necrotizing glomerulonephritis seen in what condition (2)

  • what markers
A
  1. granulomatosis w/polyangitiis (Wegener) - PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA

2. goodpsature - anti-basement MB

70
Q

needle-shaped, negatively bifringent crystals called what

seen in what

A

monosodium urate cystals

gout

71
Q

nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli called what

seen in what

A

Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules

diabetic nephropathy

72
Q

Novobiocin response

  • sensitive to what
  • resistant what
A

sensitive: staph epidermidis
resistant: staph saprophyticus

73
Q

nutmeg apperance of liver seen in what

A

chronic passive congestion of liver 2/2 Right heart failure

74
Q

onion skin periosteal reaction seen in what

A

Ewing sarcoma

75
Q

optochin response

  • sensitive to what
  • resistance to what
A

sensitive: strep pneumo
resistant: viridans strep

76
Q

periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area on x-ray called what

seen in what (3)

A

Codman triangle

  • osteosarcome
  • Ewing sarcoma
  • Pyogenic osteomyelitis
77
Q

podocyte effacement on EM seen in what contidion

A

MCD

78
Q

polised, ivory like appearance of bone at cartilage erosion called what

seen in what

A

eburnation

osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis

79
Q

protein aggregates in neurons from hyper-phosphoryaltion of tau proteins –> called what

seen in what

A

neurofibrillary tangles

AD

80
Q

psammoma bodies seen in what (5)

A
  1. meningioma
  2. papillary thyroid carcinoma
  3. mesothelioma
  4. papillary serous carcnioma of endometrium
  5. papillary serous carcinoma of ovary
81
Q

pseudopalisaing tumor cells on brain bx in what condition

A

glioblastoma multiforme

82
Q

RBC casts in urine in what condition

A

acute glomerulonephritis

83
Q

rectangular, crystal-like cytoplasmic inclusions in Leydig cells called what

seen in what

A

Reinke crystals

-Leydig cell tumor

84
Q

renal epithelial casts in urine seen in what condition

A

acute toxic/viral renal injury

85
Q

rhomboid crystals with positive birefringent seen in what condition

  • what are they
A

pseudogout

calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals

86
Q

rib notching seen in what condition

A

coarcation of aorta

87
Q

ring-enhancing brain lesions in AIDS pts (2)

A

toxo

or

CNS lymphoma

88
Q

sheets of medium sized lymphoid cells w/scattered pale tingible body-laden macrophages
“starry sky” histology seen in what

A 
burkitt lymphoma (t(8;14) c-myc activation)
EBV

starry night are stars of malignant cells

89
Q

silver-staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons called what

A

pick bodies

90
Q

soap bubble femor or tibia on x-ray from what

A

giant cell tumor of bone

91
Q

spikes on basement MBwith “dome-like” subepithelial deposits seen in what

A

membranous glomerulonephritis

92
Q

stacks of RBCs called what

seen in what (2)

A

rouleaux formation

  1. high ESR
  2. MM
93
Q

stippled vaginal epithelial cells called what

seen in what

A

Clue cells

gardnerella vaginalis

94
Q

tennis racket-shpaed cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhans cells are called what

seen in what

A

Birbeck granules

eosinophilic granuloma (Langerhans histiocytosis X)

95
Q

thrombi made of white/red layers called what

seen in what

A

Lines of Zahn

arterial thrombosis

96
Q

thumb sign on lateral x-ray seen in what

A

epiglottitis caused by h flu

97
Q

thyroid-like apperance of kidney caused by what

A

chronic bacterial pyelonephritis

98
Q

tram-track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement BM on light micro

A

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

99
Q

TG accumulation in liver cell vacuoles in what condition

A

fatty liver disease

alcoholic or metabolic

100
Q

waxy casts w/very low urine flow seen in what

A

chronic ESRD

101
Q

WBC casts in urine seen in what

A

acute pyelonephritis

102
Q

WBCs that look smudged in what condition

A

CLL (almost always B cells)

103
Q

wire loop glomerular capillary apperance on light micro in what condition

A

lupus nephropathy

104
Q

yellowish CSF is called what

  • seen in what
A

xanthochromia

SAH

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