Eye and Ear Drugs

Question 1

Eye - Atropine

Answer 1

anticholinergic –> mydriatics, cycloplegics (paralyze ciliary muscle, accommodation)

Also include:
- cyclopentolate (generic only)
homatropine (generic only)
tropicamide

Contraindication
- glaucoma patients

Question 2

Eye - proparacaine, tetracaine

Answer 2

• short onset of action (1 min)
• short duration of action (15 min)
• causes loss of blinking –> can lead to dry and damaged eye (MUST KEEP EYE CLOSED)

Question 3

Eye - ketorolac tromethamine

Answer 3

Indication

• reducing post-op inflammation after cataract surgery
• seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (pain, burning, itching, photophobia)

NSAID

Question 4

Eye - prednisolone

Answer 4

May be used along with antibacterial/anti-fungals

Contraindication
- viral infection (risk of superinfection)

Question 5

gluacoma - brimonidine

Answer 5

alpha2 agonist

MOA:

• decrease production of aqueous humor
• increase outflow

SE:

• Vision
• Systemic

Question 6

glaucoma - latanoprost

Answer 6

prostaglandin analog

MOA:

• vasodilation
• increase outflow

SE:

• Vision
• Body

Question 7

carbamide peroxide

Answer 7

cerumenolytics

Direction

• tilt head side ways
• place 5-10 drops in the ear
• do not enter the tip of applicator into the ear canal
• keep drops in the ear for several minutes (keep head tilted)
• flush ear gently, NEVER suction
• use tid up to 4 days