Extras: Cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

Beck’s triad for cardiac tamponade

A
  1. hypotension
  2. JVD
  3. muffled heart sounds
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2
Q

the most common MI complications: acute, intermediate, and chronic

A
  1. acute: arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock
  2. intermediate: fibrinous pericarditis, myocardial rupture, mitral regurg
  3. chronic: Dressler syndrome, ventricular aneurysm, progressive CHF
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3
Q

Dressler syndrome

A

post MI immune reaction -> fibrinous pericarditis, fever, pleuritic pain, effusion

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4
Q

major heart change with chronic HTN

A

LV hypertrophy

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5
Q

which causes decreased EF, systolic or diastolic HF?

A

systolic HF -> decreased EF

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6
Q

heart condition where you see nutmeg liver

A

R sided HF

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7
Q

three drugs used to treat pericarditis

A
  1. NSAIDs
  2. Indomethacin
  3. Colchicine
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8
Q

what does this describe: Kussmaul’s sign, JVD, pulsus paradoxus, and pericardial knock

A

Constrictive pericarditis

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9
Q

two conditions associated with cardiac myxomas

A
  1. McCune-Albright

2. Carney complex

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10
Q

mutation in 50% of rhabdomyomas

A

TSC1 or TSC2

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11
Q

genetic cause for dilated cardiomyopathy vs hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A
  1. dilated: TTN mutation

2. hypertrophic: B-myosin heavy chains

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12
Q

ARVC

A

defective desmosomes -> myocardium of RV replaced with fat/fibrosis -> Vtach/Vfib and sudden death

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13
Q

syndrome with plantar/palmar hyperkeratosis, wooly hair, and ARVC

A

Naxos Syndrome

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14
Q

mutation in Naxos syndrome

A

plakoglobin

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15
Q

three ways myocarditis can present

A
  1. new/worsening HF
  2. conduction abnormalities
  3. MI-like
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16
Q

saying for initial management of ACS

A

MONA: morphine, O2, nitrates, aspirin

17
Q

DAPT

A

dual anti-platelet therapy: Aspirin + P2Y12 inhibitor

18
Q

three ways to stress the heart during a cardiac stress test

A
  1. exercise
  2. vasodilators: adenosine, dipyridamole, regadenoson
  3. Inotropes/Chronotropes: dobutamine
19
Q

black vs white pt first line against HTN

A

black pt: CCB or diuretic

white pt: ARB or ACEi

20
Q

Drugs for pt with DM2 + HTN or CHF + HTN

A

ACEi or ARB

21
Q

drug for pt with HTN + BPH

A

alpha-blocker

22
Q

drugs for pt with HTN + Afib

A

CCB or BB