12: Valvular Heart Disease Flashcards

1
Q

valvular heart disease arises mostly from what two causes?

A
  1. congenital

2. myxomatous degeneration

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2
Q

stenosis and regurgitation create pressure and volume overload - which creates which?

A

Stenosis -> pressure overload

Regurg -> volume overload

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3
Q

four main systolic vs four main diastolic murmurs

A
  1. Systolic: MR, TR, AS, PS

2. Diastolic: AR, PR, MS, TS

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4
Q

are VSD and ASD diastolic or systolic?

A

systolic

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5
Q

murmur grading scale from 1-6

A
  1. barely audible
  2. soft
  3. louder
  4. loud with thrill
  5. heard with stethoscope barely on chest
  6. heard without stethoscope
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6
Q

which sex is more likely to have MVP?

A

female

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7
Q

symptoms of MVP

A

asx or CP, SVT, PVCs, dyspnea

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8
Q

which valvular heart defect can be associated with TOF, PS, VSD, RVH, or overriding aorta?

A

pulmonic stenosis

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9
Q

what size mitral valve area becomes significant mitral stenosis?

A

1-1.5cm

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10
Q

four “signs” of Aortic Regurg + explain them

A
  1. DeMusset sign: head bob w/ beats
  2. Quincke’s sign: capillary nail pulsations
  3. Traube sign: pistol shot sound over femoral A
  4. Duroziez’s sign: diastolic murmur over femoral artery when compressed
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11
Q

murmur heard in pulmonary regurgitation

A

diastolic decrescendo murmur at 2nd ICS, increased S2

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12
Q

what condition is associated with pulmonary regurgitation?

A

pulmonary HTN

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