11: Heart Failure Flashcards
symptoms of congestion
dyspnea on exertion, PND, orthopnea, nocturnal cough, weight fluctuations, edema
symptoms of hypoperfusion of the lungs
exercise intolerance, fatigue, decreased mental status, cold intolerance
what extra heart sound can occur with congestion?
S3 gallop
what does it mean if BNP is within normal limits?
rules out HF
why do a TEE on a pt with new HF?
rule out intracardiac thrombus and infection
why do a stress echo on a pt with new HF?
rule out ischemia
which two conditions are responsible for 50% of cor pulmonale cases?
COPD, chronic bronchitis
stage A and stage B prevention of HF
Stage A: prevent development of CV disease, counsel on appropriate diet and exercise
Stage B: prevent development of further cardiac remodeling and symptoms of HF through specific therapies