13: Syncope and HTN

Question 1

causes of transient LOC that are not considered syncope

Answer 1

SZRs, sleep disturbances (narcolepsy), trauma, hypoglycemia, intoxication, psychogenic syncope

Question 2

definition of orthostatic hypotension

Answer 2

reduction in systolic BP of 20+ or diastolic of 10+ within 3 minutes of standing

Question 3

two syncope cases that can be discharged and managed as outpatient

Answer 3

1. neurally mediated syncope

2. cardiac syncope with no serious medical conditions

Question 4

three examples of physical counterpressure maneuvers for syncope

Answer 4

1. leg crossing
2. handgrip
3. arm tensing

Question 5

most common COD in HTN pts

Answer 5

heart problems

Question 6

two organs that can be both the target and the cause of HTN

Answer 6

kidney, peripheral arteries

Question 7

labs to order when testing for hypertension

Answer 7

1. CBC
2. CMP
3. lipid panel
4. TSH
5. UA

Question 8

three pts that are automatically placed in the HTN high risk cateogry where the estimated 10 year CVD risk is >10%

Answer 8

1. DM
2. CKD
3. age 65+

Question 9

labs and imaging to order for a pt in hypertensive emergency

Answer 9

1. ECG, CXR
2. UA, electrolytes, creatinine
3. +/- cardiac biomarkers, CT head