Exam 3 Quizlet questions Flashcards
The production of IgM is mostly associated with the _______ immune response.
primary
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns are generally recognized by _______ receptors.
germ-line encoded
Which of the following are NOT derived from the myeloid progenitor cells?
plasma cell
Which transcription factor is most important for choosing whether to become a B- or T-cell?
Notch
Which portion of a lymph node would most likely contain antibody producing cells?
medulla
Which of these antibodies has the largest Fc domain?
IgM
When IL-2 is produced by a T-cell and simulates that same cell, it is functioning as ______ action.
Autocrine
Which of the following receptors contain seven transmembrane helices?
Chemokine
Which of these is true of aspirin’s action?
It inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2
What does integrin bind to during the extravasation of activated neutrophils?
ICAM
Which of the following proteins binds to viral ssRNA during infections?
TLR-7
Where are you most likely to find diversification (D) exons?
heavy chain antibody locus
Which of these pairs of cell undergo negative selection during B-cell development?
immature B-cell and T1 cells
What happens if an immune cell receives only signal one (second signal is absent)?
Anergy
Toxic shock syndrome toxin is an example of ______________.
a superantigen
Which set of T-cells is most involved with immunity to worm infections?
TH2
Protein-based antigens usually stimulate ________ immune response.
T-dependent
Where would you find the most B-1 B-cells in a body?
Peritoneum
Which antibody isotype can cross the placenta during pregnancy?
IgG
Which of the following receptors plays a role in inhibiting immune activation?
FcγRIIB
Which Fc receptor is often expressed by epithelial cells to transport antibodies?
PolyIgR
What molecules are found on the surface of all cytotoxic lymphocytes?
CD8 and CD40L
Proteins called _______ form pores in target cells when released from cytotoxic T-cells.
Perforins
The first host response following a viral infection is _________.
An increase in interferon concentrations
Which of the following situations would favor cell killing by NK cells?
Loss of MHC class I expression and increased stress protein production
Which of the following does NOT form memory cells?
NKT cells
Which of the following cytokines is most tolerogenic?
IL-10
Most of the migrating lymphocytes in the GALT are found in __________.
lamina propria
Which gut cells are most involved in worm defenses?
tuft cells
Mucous production in the gut is mediated by ___________.
goblet cells
B-cells in Peyer’s patches often __________.
class switch to produce IgA antibodies
T-dependent IgA production involves the action of __________.
APRIL
Which of these conditions is more common in the small intestine?
celiac disease
Which of the following bacteria most promote proper immune homeostasis in the gut?
bacteroides fragilis
A type 2 response in the gut occurs most commonly with _________ infections.
worm
Initial adhesion of naïve lymphocytes in high endothelial venules involves _______.
L-Selectin
In the spleen, lymphocytes enter directly into the ___________.
marginal sinus
Lymphocytes in lymph nodes browse for antigens on ___________.
reticular network
If lymphocytes fail to find a matching antigen in a lymph node, they upregulate the production of ____.
S1P1 receptor
What antibody isotype is involved in class I hypersensitivities?
IgE
Antihistamines block which histamine receptor?
H1
Which type of hypersensitivity does NOT involve the direct action of antibodies?
Type IV
Rh hemolytic disease is an example of what type of hypersensitivity?
Type II
Which of the following does NOT occur during a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
Bronchiodialation
An arthus reaction is an example of what sort of hypersensitivity?
type III
The tuberculin skin test is an example of a _________ hypersensitive response.
type IV
Poison ivy reactions are due to the plant’s production of ____________.
urushoil
The incorporation of _ into vaccines helps to elicit an inflammatory response.
-complement
-adjuvants
-cytokines
-DNA
adjuvants
Which is the first class of immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells during the primary response?
-IgG
-IgA
-IgE
-IgM
IgM
The Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, are _ vaccines.
-mRNA
-viral DNA
-live virus
-viral protein
mRNA
The most common immunoglobulin produced by plasma cells in the lamina propria is
-IgM.
-IgA.
-IgE.
-IgG.
IgA
Antibodies are important for protection during
-mucosal immunity only.
-systemic immunity only.
-both systemic and mucosal immunity.
-cell-mediated immunity only.
both systematic and mucosal immunity
The main function of the MALT is to
-connect the lymphatic and circulatory systems.
-induce an inflammatory response at mucosal surfaces.
-centralize activation of an adaptive immune response at mucosal surfaces.
-centralize activation of an innate immune response at mucosal surfaces.
centralize activation of an adaptive immune response at mucosal surfaces
What role does the normal microbiota play in protecting mucosal surfaces?
-It competes with pathogens for vitamins produced by epithelial cells of MALT.
-It competes with pathogens for space and nutrients.
-It breaks down antimicrobial products produced by epithelial cells of MALT.
-It produces organic molecules that MALT uses for energy.
It competes with pathogens for space and nutrients
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of events during a mucosal immune response?
-Pathogen infection > pathogen delivery to lamina propria > inflammatory response > pathogen destruction and clearance
-Pathogen infection > macrophage activation > inflammatory response > pathogen destruction in lamina propria
-Pathogen infection > dendritic cell activation > inflammatory response > pathogen destruction and clearance
-Pathogen infection > pathogen delivery to lamina propria > pathogen destruction in lamina propria > healthy mucosal tissue
Pathogen infection > pathogen delivery to lamina propria > pathogen destruction in lamina propria > healthy mucosal tissue
Intestinal macrophages, gut dendritic cells, and innate lymphoid cells function in the innate immune response to combat mucosal infection without inducing
-cytokines.
-the adaptive immune response.
-the typical inflammatory response.
-mucus.
the typical inflammatory response
