Exam 3 - Pelvic Limb Circulation

Question 1

What is the major arterial supply to the pelvic limb?

Answer 1

the external iliac artery

Question 2

Where does the external iliac artery enter the limb?

Answer 2

at the femoral ring/triangle parallel to the iliopsoas

Question 3

When does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?

Answer 3

after it gives off the deep femoral artery

Question 4

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

Answer 4

Base - dorsal edge of the thigh or abdominal muscles
Caudal - pectineous
Cranial - sartorius
Medially - fascia and the skin
Laterally - iliopsoas, vastus medialis, or adductors

Question 5

Where does the deep femoral artery course?

Answer 5

caudally towards the pelvic symphysis and gives off branches to the levator ani, iliopsoas. and obturator muscles

Question 6

What are the main branches of the deep femoral artery?

Answer 6

pudendoepigastric trunk, medial circumflex femoral artery

Question 7

Where does the pudendoepigastric trunk course?

Answer 7

towards the deep inguinal ring and divides into two branches

Question 8

What are the branches of the pudendoepigastric trunk?

Answer 8

caudal (deep) epigastric and external pudendal artery

Question 9

Where can the caudal (deep) epigastric be found?

Answer 9

on the dorsal surface of the rectus abdominis muscle deep to the parietal peritoneum

Question 10

Where does the caudal (deep) epigastric course at the caudal border of the rectus abdominis?

Answer 10

ventral to the rectus abdominis and anastomoses with the cranial deep epigastric

Question 11

Where does the external pudendal artery run?

Answer 11

passes through the inguinal canal, exits the superficial inguinal ring and gives off ventral scrotal/labial branch and continues cranial as the caudal superficial epicastric artery

Question 12

What does the medial circumflex femoral artery supply?

Answer 12

the medial group muscles of the thigh (sartorius, gracilis, pectineus, adductor)

Question 13

Where does the femoral artery run?

Answer 13

distally on the medial side of the thigh in the femoral triangle, deep to the semimembranosus, then to the caudal surface of the femur

Question 14

Where is a common spot to take the pulse in small animals?

Answer 14

at the femoral triangle, of the femoral artery

Question 15

At mid thigh, what does the femoral artery branch off to?

Answer 15

the saphenous artery

Question 16

Where is the saphenous artery located?

Answer 16

superficial to the gracilis on the medial aspect of the thigh

Question 17

Does the saphenous artery have any branches?

Answer 17

yes, cranial and caudal

Question 18

What does the saphenous supply?

Answer 18

the superficial structures on the medial thigh, crus, pes, and medial digit

Question 19

What does the saphenous contribute to?

Answer 19

the dorsal and plantar superficial arteries

Question 20

When does the femoral artery become the popliteal artery?

Answer 20

when it courses in between the two heads of the gastrocnemius

Question 21

Where is the popliteal space?

Answer 21

the area caudal to the stifle joint

Question 22

What does the popliteal artery divide into?

Answer 22

caudal tibial and cranial tibial arteries

Question 23

What is the main supply to the pes?

Answer 23

the cranial tibial artery

Question 24

What is the process of the cranial tibial artery becoming the dorsal pedal artery?

Answer 24

it continues distally and passes cranioventrally between the tibia and fibula and travels distally under the long digital extensor, under the proximal transverse ligament, across the dorsal aspect of the tarsus

Question 25

What does the dorsal pedal artery supply?

Answer 25

the plantar pes

Question 26

What is the arcuate artery?

Answer 26

a branch of the dorsal pedal artery that runs laterally under the tendon of the long digital extensor

Question 27

What does the arcuate artery supply?

Answer 27

the dorsal structures of the pes; deep set of blood supply

Question 28

How does the dorsal pedal artery become the perforating metatarsal artery?

Answer 28

passes through the foramen at the proximal end of the metatarsus between the metatarsal bone 2 and 3 to the plantar aspect of the pes

Question 29

Which set of veins follows the distribution of arteries?

Answer 29

the deep set

Question 30

What does the superficial set of the veins comprise?

Answer 30

the medial and lateral saphenous veins

Question 31

How many branches do the medial and lateral saphenous veins have?

Answer 31

two: cranial and caudal for both

Question 32

Where do the cranial saphenous veins anastomose?

Answer 32

at the hock

Question 33

Where do the caudal saphenous veins anastamose?

Answer 33

at the mid-metatarsal level

Question 34

What is superficial venous drainage important in?

Answer 34

thermoregulation