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RUSVM LAM II Practice Questions > Exam 2: Camelid Medicine > Flashcards

Exam 2: Camelid Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Llama vs. Alpaca:

Larger, average weight 250 - 500 lbs

A

Llama

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2
Q

Llama vs. Alpaca:

Head shorter, square nose, ears straighter and more erect

A

Alpaca

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3
Q

Llama vs. Alpaca:

Fiber is more coarse, large diameter

A

Llama

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4
Q

Llama vs. Alpaca:

Guard hairs present in undercoat

A

Llama

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5
Q

Intact male camelid

A

Male, macho, stud

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6
Q

Castrated male camelid

A

Gelding

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7
Q

Unweaned male or female camelid

A

Cria

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8
Q

Weaned male or female camelid

A

Juvenile

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9
Q

Act of giving birth in camelids

A

Criation or birthing

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10
Q

Haircoat in camelids

A

FIBER (not fleece or wool)

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11
Q

Llama/Alpaca crossbreed

A

Huarizo

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12
Q

What are the 2 Alpaca subtypes?

A

Hyacaya

Suri (lack of crimp to fiber- ringlets)

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13
Q

The name for when a camelid is laying sternal with

front legs tucked

A

CUSH

sitting down, evasive behavior, seen with breeding

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14
Q

_______ teeth are present in both males and females;

represent the upper third vestigial incisor

and upper and lower canines

A

FIGHTING

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15
Q

Camelids lack these teeth in the upper arcade

A

Incisors

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16
Q

Llamas vs. Alpacas:

Incisors grow continously

A

ALPACAS only

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17
Q

Eye color of camelids is generally ________.

Blue less desirable- link to deafness

A

brown

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18
Q

The opening between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx is known as the

_________

A

choanae

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19
Q

The rostral 1/2 of nasal planum in camelids is cartilage

making them _____________ breathers

A

OBLIGATE NASAL breathers

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20
Q

This anatomical characteristic in camelids is present on the

dorsal nasopharynx, making endotracheal intubation difficult

A

Nasopharyngeal diverticulum

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21
Q

Camelids lack a true

_______ _______ vein

A

external jugular vein

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22
Q

Camelids lack a true external jugular vein,

but the internal jugular vein is present in the same location.

Which side is larger?

A

RIGHT internal jugular vein is larger than the left

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23
Q

Camelids have _______ pairs of ribs

A

12

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24
Q

Thoracocentesis in camelids is performed between the

_______ intercostal space, 2-4cm dorsal to the costochondral junction

A

6th or 7th ICS

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25
Q

In regards to the GIT, Camelids are modified ruminants with

_______ stomach compartments

A

3

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26
Q

Which stomach compartment in camelids is the

largest, rumen-like; more secretory (bicarb and mucous)

A

Compartment 1

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27
Q

These 2 stomach compartments in camelids combined

function like the reticulum, omasum, and abomasum

A

C2 and C3

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28
Q

Only this compartment secretes acid in the camelid GIT

A

C3

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29
Q

How many rumenations per minute are normal in camelids?

A

3 - 4 per minute

(occur in the opposite direction of cattle)

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30
Q

T/F:

camelids do not have a gall bladder

A

TRUE

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31
Q

The liver of camelids is located completely on the

______ side of the abdomen

and is normally fibrated

A

right

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32
Q

What are the liver biopsy landmarks in camelids?

A

Right side, between ribs 11 and 12

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33
Q

In camelids, the spleen is attached to the left dorsal aspect of

this stomach compartment

A

C1

34
Q

Are camelid kidneys

smooth (like sheep)

or

lobulated (like cattle)?

A

SMOOTH like sheep

35
Q

What type of uterus do camelids have?

A

Bicornuate uterus

36
Q

What type of placenta do camelids have?

A

Epitheliochorial placenta (like equines)

37
Q

95% of pregnancies in camelids occur in the _______ horn

A

left

38
Q

Congenital abnormalities of the female repro tract are common in

camelids. Name the 2 most common defects

A

Segmental aplasia

Double cervix

39
Q

This muscle is responsible for directing the penis forward when erect

in camelids

A

Caudal preputial muscle

40
Q

What accessory glands are present in camelids?

A

Prostate and bulbourethral gland

41
Q

This anatomical characteristic is present at the level of the

bulbourethral glands in camelids, making urethral cathetherization

difficult. It is also a site for urinary obstruction

A

Urethral recess

42
Q

_________ glands are present on the inside of the HIND legs in camelids

A

Metatarsal glands

43
Q

________ glands are present on all 4 feet in camelids,

and have unknown function

A

Interdigital glands

44
Q

Weight-bearing in camelids occurs on the thick pads of

_________ (not the toenails) leading to the “dropped pastern” appearance

A

P2/P3

45
Q

Camelids are __________ ovulators

A

Induced

  • A mature follicle (8 - 12 mm) must be present for ovulation to occur*
  • Copulation stimulates release of LH and subsequent ovulation occurs within 2 days*
46
Q

Copulation stimulates release of LH

and subsequent ovulation occurs within _____ days

A

2

47
Q

T/F:

Llamas and Alpacas are seasonal breeders (short-day breeders)

A

FALSE!

Llamas and Alpacas are NON-SEASONAL breeders

48
Q

In the courtship ritual of llamas and alpacas,

receptive females will lay down in a ______ position when

approached by a male

A

cush

49
Q

Pregnancy diagnosis is based upon

progesterone levels >2ng/mL _______ days post-mating

or

rectal U/S at ______ days

A

Pregnancy diagnosis is based upon

progesterone levels >2ng/mL 15 - 20 days post-mating

or

rectal U/S at 25 days

50
Q

The use of _________ has resulted in ACUTE DEATH in camelids!

A

Lutalyse

51
Q

Pregnant female camelids should be vaccinated for

these diseases 60 days before birthing

A

Clostridium C, D, and T

52
Q

This optional vaccine should only be given to breeding females

and followed by a booster 3 - 4 times per year

A

Leptospirosis

53
Q

Which 2 vaccines should be given to llamas or alpacas

that are co-mingled or exposed to horses?

A

Equine rhinovirus and influenza

54
Q

Describe the deworming protocol to follow to protect

your llamas and alpacas from meningeal worms

A

Deworm with IVERMECTIN once q4weeks from May-Nov

Deworm with FENBENDAZOLE once q4weeks from Dec-Apr

55
Q

When do you perform fecal egg counts to evaulate the efficacy

of your meningeal worm protocol?

A

May and November

56
Q

What is the causative agent of Meningeal Worm Infection

A

Parephalostrongylus tenuis

57
Q

Chronic ocular discharge in an ALPACA may be due to a

___________ or a secondary infection

A

blocked nasal lacrimal duct

58
Q

Normal alpaca crias should weigh ______ lbs

and

Normal llama crias should weigh ______ lbs

A

Normal alpaca crias should weigh 12 lbs

and

Normal llama crias should weigh 18 lbs

59
Q

The stomach of a south american camelid has ____ compartments

A

3

60
Q

The daily intake for most normal camelids is _____% body weight

A

1.5% BW

61
Q

Crude fiber should be about _____% of the diet for camelids

A

20% only

  • Often people will feed equine hay and they get TOO MUCH fiber, then die*
  • of heat stroke*
62
Q

In LLAMA practice, excessive alfalfa hay intake can cause _______ deficiency

A

ZINC

63
Q

______ are the intermediate host for meningeal worm infection in camelids

A

Snails

64
Q

To prevent meningeal worm infection in camelids you should

decrease cohabitation with ______

A

deer

65
Q

Llamas vs. Alpacas:

Used for guard animals, pack animals, companion animals, fibers

A

Llamas

66
Q

Llamas vs. Alpacas:

Smaller, used for craft items, fibers in many different colors

A

Alpacas

67
Q

Vaccinations for camelids should include RABIES

because they get the ________ form of it

A

aggressive

68
Q

Camelids are very susceptible to _______, just like equines

A

Tetanus

69
Q

DO NOT CATCH LLAMAS BY THE _________.

Use the midline catch instead

A

neck

70
Q

All injections should be below a line from

point of _______ to point of _______

A

shoulder; hip

  • if an injection abscesses it will more likely cause severe damage*
  • if higher than this line*
71
Q

The jugular vein is located between the transverse processes and the

________

A

trachea

72
Q

A way to get blood from a llama or alpaca by yourself-

bend over them with their neck resting on your thighs,

they put their neck down and the jugular distends via gravity

A

BUCK EYE Bleeding Technique

73
Q

Permanent tooth eruption in camelids:

Incisors

A

2 - 4 years

74
Q

Permanent tooth eruption in camelids:

Canine

A

2 - 3.5 years

75
Q

Permanent tooth eruption in camelids:

Premolars

A

3.5 - 5 years

76
Q

Permanent tooth eruption in camelids:

Molars

A

6 months - 4 years

77
Q

How many permanent teeth do camelids have?

A

14 (or 16)

78
Q

How many deciduous teeth do camelids have?

A

9 (or 11)

79
Q

What do you use to trim fighting teeth in males and females (camelids)?

A

OB WIRE

80
Q

T/F:

Alpacas are about half the size of Llamas

A

TRUE

81
Q

What is beserk male syndrome?

A

a psychological condition suffered by human-raised llamas and alpacas that cancause them to exhibit dangerously aggressive behavior toward humans.

RUSVM LAM II Practice Questions (19 decks)

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