Bovine Infectious Diseases Flashcards
Anaplasmosis affects _______ animals more severely
older
Calves with Anaplasmosis have less severe disease
but become _________
resulting in endemic stability
chronic carriers
What is the etiology of Anaplasmosis?
- Anaplasma marginale*
- Anaplasma caudatum*
(Rickettsial organisms)
Small, round, basophilic staining bodies
marginally located in the stroma of RBCs
are characteristic of this infectious disease
Anaplasmosis
Where does Anaplasma replicate in ticks?
In tick SALIVARY GLANDS
Calves < ______ months of age
are mildly affected by Anaplasmosis
and become chronic carriers
<6 months
What are the stages of pathogenesis of Anaplasmosis?
Incubation
Developmental
Covalescence
Carrier Stage
Incubation stage of Anaplasmosis
usually lasts ______ weeks
3 - 8 weeks
This stage in the pathogenesis of Anaplasmosis
lasts 4 - 9 days during which most signs are present:
fever (105-106F), icterus, dehydration, weakness
Developmental stage
The convalescence stage of Anaplasmosis
lasts ________ days
30 - 60 days
What is the earliest clinical sign of Anaplasmosis?
Decreased milk production
T/F:
Hemoglobinuria is a common finding in animals with Anaplasmosis
FALSE!
You do NOT see hemoglobinuria in Anaplasmosis
Anaplasmosis is an ________ disease,
meaning if you see one animal with it, the rest are usually subclinical
Iceberg
What Abx is used to treat Anaplasmosis?
Oxytetracycline
Oxytetracycline only works BEFORE the ______ stage
in the treatment of Anaplasmosis
replicative
USE DURING INCUBATION STAGE
After treating with Oxytetracycline for Anaplasmosis,
how many days is milk withdrawal?
2 - 3 days
Texas Tick Fever, discovered on King Ranch,
is better known as
Babesiosis
What is the etiology of Babesiosis?
- B. bigemina*
- B. argentina*
- B. bovis*
The incubation period of Babesiosis lasts _______ weeks
1 - 3 weeks
T/F:
An animal that survives Babesiosis becomes a carrier and is
resistant to infection
TRUE
Anaplasmosis vs. Babesiosis:
Icterus is more common in which?
Anaplasmosis
Anaplasmosis vs. Babesiosis:
Dark red to brown urine (hemoglobinuria) is present only in which?
Babesiosis
How do you treat Babesiosis?
IMIDOCARB
What is the most common sign of anthrax in cattle?
Sudden death
How is anthrax diagnosed?
Can see the organism on blood smear
How is anthrax controlled and prevented?
Vaccination in endemic areas
What are some rare clinical signs seen in cattle infected with
Lyme disease?
Mastitis and arthritis
Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) is very common in NA
and is seen mostly in this type of cattle
DAIRY
Bovine leukemia virus is an oncogenic ________ virus
RNA retrovirus
What do you expect to see on the CBC of an animal
infected with Bovine Leukemia Virus?
HIGH WHITE blood cell counts
Bovine Leukemia Virus can cause Lymphosarcoma in
______% of animals
5%
In cattle with BLV Lymphosarcoma, what 3 organs are
most commonly affected?
Heart
Abomasum
Uterus
You suspect an animal has BLV Lymphosarcoma
due to its enlarged lymph nodes, heart and abomasum.
You notice this animal is also suffering from diarrhea and
bottle jaw. You realize now your initial suspicion is incorrect
and are now leaning towards this dz as your primary ddx.
Johne’s Disease
______% of animals infected with BLV show
persistent lymphocytosis, but no other clinical signs
25 - 30%
What is the natural reservoir for BLV?
Cattle
_______ transmission is the most common method of
pathogenesis of BLV
Horizontal
(only takes a small amount of infected blood to cause infection:
via vector, rectal palp sleeves, instruments)
T/F:
BLV can be transmitted to calves via colostrum
TRUE
BLV infection results in _______% becoming
asymptomatic carriers
60%
T/F:
Most cases of BLV show an elevated lymphocyte count
FALSE!
Most cases are inapparent with no signs
Usually animals > _____ years old contract BLV
over 3 years old
What is the best, most sensitive and specific test, used
to diagnose Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV)?
ELISA
