Exam 1 Part 8 Flashcards
Consonants produced with nasal resonance
Nasal
Consonants produced where the tongue is close to a point of contact, but not quite obstructing airflow that produces a sound
Liquid
Consonants produced by the oral cavity moving as you produce sound
Glide
Consonant that involves vocal fold vibration
Voiced
Consonant that does not involve vocal fold vibration
Voiceless
Consists of two consonants produced in the same place and in the same manner but differing in voicing
Cognate pairs
Voiced speech sounds from the unrestricted passage of the air stream through the mouth without audible stoppage or friction.
Vowels
What is the 4 part classification of vowels?
Heightness, backness, tension of tongue, roundness
Combination of two vowels in a single syllable
Diphthong
Age at which a speech sound first appears
Sound emergence
Sounds that are considered mastered and appear in 90% of speech
Sound mastery
At what age should a child be understood 25-50% of the time?
1.5 to 2 years
At what age should a child be understood 50% of the time?
2
True or false: Children who learn L1 at home and are not exposed to L2 (English) until school move toward L2 dominance in middle school
True
At what age should a child be 75% intelligible?
3
At what age should a child be fully intelligible?
4
Patterns children use to simplify adult speech; strategies that allow a child to produce words even when he does not have mastery of the sounds within the words.
Phonological processes
What are the 4 types of phonological processes?
Reduction, substitution, assimilation, change to vowels
What is the difference between an articulation disorder and a phonological disorder?
Articulation disorder is specific mechanical issues while phonological disorders are issues with patterns
