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OLD "MBS 603" > Exam 1 Condensed > Flashcards

Exam 1 Condensed Flashcards

1
Q

What is tonicity?

A

how is the cell affected

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2
Q

What is osmolarity?

A

concentration of solute in solution

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3
Q

Do apical and basal membranes have different number or same number of transporters?

A

different

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4
Q

Water moves to HIGH/LOW osmolarity (osm/L)?

A

high

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5
Q

Does epithelia have vascular or avascular properties?

A

avascular (nutrients via diffusion)

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6
Q

How do you calculate osmolarity?

A

moles x number of particles

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7
Q

Why does hyper-polarization happen?

A

slow K+ channels closing

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8
Q

If anti-diuretic hormone is inhibited then…
INCREASE/DECREASE in intracellular fluid
INCREASE/DECREASE in extracellular fluid
INCREASE/DECREASE in hematocrit

A

decrease
decrease
increase

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9
Q

Where is Na/K+ ATPase located?
basal or apical side

A

basalateral

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10
Q

Does epinepherine increase or decrease in cold?

A

increase

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11
Q

In the parasympathetic response does…
bronicals relax or constrict
bladder relax or constrict
pupils relax or constrict

A

bronicals constrict
bladder constrict
pupils constrict

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12
Q

What is the Fick’s equation?

A

Js=Ps Cs

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13
Q

What NS controls skeletal muscles

A

somatic

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14
Q

How do you calculate intersitial fluid?

A

ECF x 75%

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15
Q

Muscarinic receptors are METABOTROPIC or IONITROPIC

A

METABOTROPIC

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16
Q

Nicotonic receptors are METABOTROPIC or IONITROPIC

A

IONITROPIC

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17
Q

Are Muscarinic or Nicotinic receptors always excited?

A

nicotinic

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18
Q

What is more basic ICF or ECF?

A

ECF

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19
Q

What is Pc?

A

capillary hydrostatic pressure

20
Q

What does the adrenal medualla release?

A

EPI and NEPI

21
Q

What does the adrenal cortex release?

A

cortisol

22
Q

In the sympathetic NS, does heart rate INCREASE or DECREASE?

A

increase

23
Q

In the sympathetic NS, does blood vessels constrict or dilate?

A

constrict (causes increased BP)

24
Q

In the sympathetic NS, does digestion INCREASE or DECREASE?

A

decreases

25
Q

Blood vessels are under PSNS or SNS control?

A

SNS

26
Q

What is an example of positive feed back?

A

hemorrhagic shock

27
Q

What is the partition coefficent?

A

the more soluble in lipid a solute is the easier it passes the membrane

28
Q

What is oncotic pressure?

A

osmotic pressure exerted by solute in blood capillaries

29
Q

What are the 4 fluid compartments of the body?

A

ICF
ECF
plasma
specialized fluid

30
Q

What are the 2 types of cholinergic receptors?

A

muscarinic
nicotinic

31
Q

alpha 1 adrenergic receptors are G___

A

Gq (activate)

32
Q

alpha 2 adrenergic receptors are G___

A

Gi (inhibitory)

33
Q

beta 1 adrenergic receptors are G___

A

Gs (activate)

34
Q

Norepinephrine activates mainly ____ adrenergic receptors

A

alpha

35
Q

PARASYMPATHETIC POST-ganglionic axons are short/long and myleinated/unmyleinated

A

unmyelinated
short

36
Q

PARASYMPATHETIC PRE-ganglionic axons are short/long and myleinated/unmyleinated

A

myleinated
long

37
Q

SYMPATHETIC POST-ganglionic axons are short/long and myleinated/unmyleinated

A

long
unmyelinated

38
Q

SYMPATHETIC PRE-ganglionic axons are short/long and myleinated/unmyleinated

A

short
myleinated

39
Q

sympathetic postganglionic axons release ___________

A

norepinephrine

40
Q

Parasympathetic post-ganglionic axons release __________

A

acetylcholine

41
Q

Both sympathetic and parasympathetic pre-ganglionic neurons secrete _________

A

acetylcholine

42
Q

What receptor does the parasympathetic NS use to recept post-ganglionic acetylcholine?

A

muscarinic receptor

43
Q

What receptor does the sympathetic NS use to recept post-ganglionic norepinephrine?

A

adrenergic receptor

44
Q

What receptor does the sympathetic and parasympathetic NS use to recept pre-ganglionic acetylcholine?

A

nicotinic receptor

45
Q

Does the parasympathetic NS use acetylcholine or norepinephrine?

A

acetylcholine

OLD "MBS 603" (22 decks)

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